Hattwick M A, Corey L, Creech W B
J Infect Dis. 1976 Jun;133 Suppl:A266-72. doi: 10.1093/infdis/133.supplement_2.a266.
Studies of human globulin immune to rabies virus before licensure showed that it suppressed active antibody responses when individuals received 16 doses of duck embryo vaccine but not when they received 23 doses of duck embryo vaccine. Prospective surveillance of use of human globulin immune to rabies virus since licensure in 1974 has revealed that 40% of persons who receive 14-16 doses of duck embryo vaccine have low or undetectable antibody responses 30-90 days after initiation of the series. Ten percent of individuals receiving 21-23 doses of duck embryo vaccine have inadequate antibody responses, a percentage not significantly different from that found in recipients of 14 doses of vaccine alone. Human globulin immune to rabies virus has also been used for treatment of one case of clinical human rabies; this use was based on the observation that antibodies to rabies virus in serum do not develop until after the seventh day of clinical illness, and antibodies are absent from spinal fluid as long as 19 days after onset of symptoms. Intracranial pressure and neurological function remained stable after administration of human globulin immune to rabies virus, but two days after initiation of therapy, the patient died of progressive pulmonary dysfunction and tension pneumothorax.
在狂犬病病毒人免疫球蛋白获批上市前进行的研究表明，当个体接种16剂鸭胚疫苗时，该球蛋白会抑制主动抗体反应，但接种23剂鸭胚疫苗时则不会。自1974年狂犬病病毒人免疫球蛋白获批上市以来的前瞻性监测显示，在接种14 - 16剂鸭胚疫苗的人群中，40%的人在接种系列疫苗开始后30 - 90天抗体反应较低或检测不到。接种21 - 23剂鸭胚疫苗的个体中，10%的人抗体反应不足，这一比例与仅接种14剂疫苗的人群相比无显著差异。狂犬病病毒人免疫球蛋白也被用于治疗1例临床确诊的人类狂犬病病例；这种用法是基于以下观察结果：血清中狂犬病病毒抗体直到临床发病第7天后才出现，症状出现后长达19天脑脊液中均无抗体。注射狂犬病病毒人免疫球蛋白后，颅内压和神经功能保持稳定，但在治疗开始两天后，患者死于进行性肺功能障碍和气胸。
