Kowalski S D
University of Nevada, Las Vegas, USA.
Clin Nurse Spec. 1997 May;11(3):109-15. doi: 10.1097/00002800-199705000-00008.
This descriptive study of Nevada nurses (N = 539) indicates that nurses are evenly divided on the issue of physician-assisted suicide (PAS). Using hypothetical cases, the survey compares nurses' beliefs regarding withdrawal of life-support measures (92% agree, n = 489), double-effect euthanasia (85% agree, n = 447), PAS (53% agree, n = 280), and active euthanasia (44% agree, n = 235). Responses to arguments supporting or rejecting the legalization of PAS are presented. Arguments include: patient autonomy, relief of pain and suffering, death with dignity, decreased quality of life, relief of psychological and financial burdens, sacredness of life, use of adequate comfort measures, unenforceability of safeguards, the professional ethical code, and inappropriate motives. Seventy-five percent (n = 400) of Nevada nurses indicate they personally feel PAS may be justified in selected cases. Only 46% (n = 240) would be willing to participate in PAS if it were legalized. Selected written comments from respondents are included.
这项针对内华达州护士（N = 539）的描述性研究表明，护士们在医生协助自杀（PAS）问题上意见分歧。通过假设案例，该调查比较了护士们在撤除生命维持措施（92%同意，n = 489）、双重效应安乐死（85%同意，n = 447）、PAS（53%同意，n = 280）和主动安乐死（44%同意，n = 235）等问题上的信念。文中呈现了对支持或反对PAS合法化论点的回应。这些论点包括：患者自主权、减轻疼痛和痛苦、尊严死、生活质量下降、减轻心理和经济负担、生命的神圣性、使用充分的舒适措施、保障措施不可执行、职业伦理准则以及不当动机。75%（n = 400）的内华达州护士表示，他们个人认为在某些特定情况下PAS可能是合理的。如果PAS合法化，只有46%（n = 240）的护士愿意参与其中。文中还收录了受访者的部分书面评论。
