Teti D M, Gelfand D M
Department of Psychology, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD 21250, USA.
Dev Psychopathol. 1997 Summer;9(3):517-36. doi: 10.1017/s0954579497001284.
Construct validity of the newly developed Preschool Assessment of Attachment (PAA) was examined in a sample of depressed and nondepressed mothers and their preschoolers, focusing on attachment related differences in children's general caregiving environments, maternal psychosocial functioning, and child behavior during interactions with mother. Mothers of secure children were more emotionally and verbally responsive to their children than were mothers of insecure children, and secure children were emotionally more positive to their mothers than were insecure children. Mothers of secure children also reported higher levels of social supports than did mothers of insecure children. Finally, dyads with children who lacked unitary, coherent attachment strategies (i.e., anxious depressed, defended/coercive, and insecure other) showed the worst functioning in all domains relative to all other attachment groups. Similar but slightly less robust findings were obtained with socioeconomic variables statistically controlled. These results lend support to the PAA as a valid system for the conceptualization and measurement of quality of attachment among preschoolers. Future research applications with the PAA are discussed.
在一组抑郁和非抑郁母亲及其学龄前儿童样本中，对新开发的学前依恋评估量表（PAA）的结构效度进行了检验，重点关注儿童一般照料环境、母亲心理社会功能以及与母亲互动期间儿童行为方面与依恋相关的差异。安全型儿童的母亲比不安全型儿童的母亲在情感和言语上对孩子更有反应，并且安全型儿童在情感上对母亲比不安全型儿童更积极。安全型儿童的母亲报告的社会支持水平也高于不安全型儿童的母亲。最后，与缺乏单一、连贯依恋策略的儿童（即焦虑抑郁型、防御/强制型和不安全其他型）组成的二元组在所有领域的功能表现相对于所有其他依恋组最差。在对社会经济变量进行统计控制后，得到了相似但稍弱的结果。这些结果支持将PAA作为一种有效的系统，用于概念化和测量学龄前儿童的依恋质量。文中还讨论了PAA未来的研究应用。
