Yamada K, Araki S, Tamura M, Sakai I, Takahashi Y, Kashihara H, Kono S
PL Tokyo Health Care Center, Shibuya, Japan.
Cancer Causes Control. 1997 Sep;8(5):780-5. doi: 10.1023/a:1018491607454.
A case-control study was performed in order to examine the relation of cigarette smoking and alcohol use to colorectal carcinoma in situ and cancer, separately. Study subjects consisted of 129 colorectal carcinoma in situ cases, 66 colorectal cancer cases, and 390 controls recruited from health check-up examinees in Tokyo from January 1991 to March 1993. Smoking status and alcohol habit were ascertained from a self-administered questionnaire. Both cumulative cigarette smoking and current smoking status were associated significantly with an increased risk of carcinoma in situ. A statistically nonsignificant increase in the risk of colorectal cancer was noted only among those with the heaviest exposure category of these measures of smoking. The cumulative exposure to cigarette smoking within recent 20 years was associated significantly with an increased risk of carcinoma in situ, whereas smoking until 20 years before the diagnosis was associated significantly with an increase of cancer risk. A significant and positive association was observed between cumulative alcohol drinking and colorectal cancer. These findings suggest that cigarette smoking may act as an initiator in colorectal carcinogenesis and also provide weak evidence that alcohol drinking is related to an increased risk of colorectal cancer.
为了分别研究吸烟和饮酒与原位结直肠癌及结直肠癌的关系，开展了一项病例对照研究。研究对象包括1991年1月至1993年3月期间从东京健康体检者中招募的129例原位结直肠癌病例、66例结直肠癌病例和390名对照。吸烟状况和饮酒习惯通过自填问卷确定。累积吸烟量和当前吸烟状况均与原位癌风险增加显著相关。仅在这些吸烟指标暴露量最高的人群中，观察到结直肠癌风险有统计学意义但不显著的增加。最近20年内的累积吸烟暴露与原位癌风险增加显著相关，而在诊断前20年一直吸烟与癌症风险增加显著相关。累积饮酒量与结直肠癌之间观察到显著的正相关。这些发现表明，吸烟可能在结直肠癌发生过程中起启动作用，也提供了微弱证据表明饮酒与结直肠癌风险增加有关。
