Ling W, Shoptaw S
Friends Medical Science Research Center, Inc., Los Angeles, CA, USA.
J Addict Dis. 1997;16(4):83-102. doi: 10.1080/10550889709511145.
Systematic efforts by NIDA and NIAAA to develop new medications for drug and alcohol dependence have resulted in recent FDA approval of LAAM for opiate dependence, naltrexone for alcohol dependence and, more recently, a nasal spray for nicotine dependence. This article reviews the current strategies that guide these development efforts, including further examination of the interactions between potential pharmacotherapeutic agents and the drugs of abuse, the enhancement of pharmacotherapeutic efficacy with nonpharmacological interventions, and the development of more precise and meaningful measures of research outcome.
美国国家药物滥用研究所（NIDA）和美国国家酒精滥用与酒精中毒研究所（NIAAA）为开发治疗药物和酒精依赖的新药物所做的系统性努力，已使美国食品药品监督管理局（FDA）近期批准了用于治疗阿片类药物依赖的长效美沙酮（LAAM）、用于治疗酒精依赖的纳曲酮，以及最近用于治疗尼古丁依赖的一种鼻喷雾剂。本文回顾了指导这些研发工作的当前策略，包括进一步研究潜在药物治疗剂与滥用药物之间的相互作用、通过非药物干预提高药物治疗效果，以及开发更精确和有意义的研究结果衡量方法。
