Petit T, Dommergues M, Socié G, Dumez Y, Gluckman E, Brison O
Laboratoire de Génétique Oncologique, URA 1967 CNRS, Institut Gustave-Roussy, Villejuif, France.
Br J Haematol. 1997 Sep;98(3):767-71. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2141.1997.2603076.x.
Using a highly sensitive allele-specific PCR amplification method, we have previously shown that maternal cells could be detected in all 10 cord bloods tested. This raised the question of whether maternal cells are released into cord blood during the process of delivery or whether they are already present during pregnancy. We have now used the same PCR method to detect the presence of maternal cells in nine fetal blood samples collected at different gestational ages. Maternal cells were detected in eight samples obtained between 24 and 35 weeks of gestation. They were estimated to amount between 10(-4) and 10(-5) of nucleated fetal blood cells. In two cases mononuclear and polymorphonuclear cell fractions were separated by Ficoll gradient centrifugation and maternal cells were detected as comparable levels in both fractions. Maternal cells could not be detected in the one fetal blood sample obtained at 20 weeks of gestation, suggesting that maternal cells could appear at detectable levels in fetal blood during the third trimester of pregnancy. These results are discussed in terms of materno-fetal immune tolerance and of transmission of viruses (and more specifically of the human immunodeficiency virus) from mother to child.
我们之前使用一种高度敏感的等位基因特异性PCR扩增方法，发现在所有检测的10份脐带血中都能检测到母体细胞。这就提出了一个问题，即母体细胞是在分娩过程中释放到脐带血中，还是在孕期就已存在。我们现在使用相同的PCR方法来检测在不同孕周采集的9份胎儿血样中母体细胞的存在情况。在妊娠24至35周期间采集的8份样本中检测到了母体细胞。据估计，它们在有核胎儿血细胞中所占比例为10^(-4)至10^(-5)。在两例样本中，通过Ficoll梯度离心法分离出单核细胞和多形核细胞组分，在两个组分中检测到的母体细胞水平相当。在妊娠20周时采集的1份胎儿血样中未检测到母体细胞，这表明母体细胞可能在妊娠晚期出现在胎儿血中并达到可检测水平。将根据母胎免疫耐受以及病毒（更具体地说是人类免疫缺陷病毒）从母亲传播给孩子的情况来讨论这些结果。
