Whelan T J, Mohide E A, Willan A R, Arnold A, Tew M, Sellick S, Gafni A, Levine M N
Department of Medicine, McMaster University and the OCTRF Hamilton Regional Cancer Centre, Ontario, Canada.
Cancer. 1997 Oct 15;80(8):1518-24. doi: 10.1002/(sici)1097-0142(19971015)80:8<1518::aid-cncr21>3.0.co;2-7.
The objective of this study was to examine the physical and emotional health status, self-perceived problems, and needs of newly diagnosed cancer patients to determine and plan supportive care strategies.
A cross-sectional survey of newly diagnosed cancer patients attending a regional cancer center during a 6-month period was performed. Patients with breast, colorectal, head and neck, lung, and prostate carcinoma as well as nonmelanoma of the skin were selected randomly. Patients were interviewed prior to their first appointment at the clinic. Physical health status was assessed using the Symptom Distress Scale, psychologic health status was assessed with the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ), day-to-day functioning with the Rapid Disability Scale, and social support with the modified Sarason's Social Support Scale. Perceived needs were assessed in a number of ways, including identification of patients' specific social concerns and informational needs, and by asking them to list their current problems or concerns.
Of 156 eligible patients, 134 completed the interview. One hundred and twenty-nine patients (96%) reported current symptoms that included fatigue (66%), worried outlook (61%), difficulty sleeping (48%), and pain (42%). Forty-four patients (33%) were identified as psychologically distressed with a GHQ score of > or = 6. One hundred and fourteen patients (85%) had informational needs, 89 (66%) indicated > or = 1 social concerns, and 55 (41%) reported a need for assistance with day-to-day living.
Patients with newly diagnosed cancer commonly report symptoms related to fatigue, pain, and psychologic distress. Other frequently reported issues relate to the need for information and social concerns regarding the patients' ability to take care of their home and maintain family and other relationships. Awareness of these issues is important for planning supportive care interventions for newly diagnosed cancer patients.
本研究的目的是调查新诊断癌症患者的身心健康状况、自我感知的问题及需求，以确定并规划支持性护理策略。
对在6个月期间前往某地区癌症中心就诊的新诊断癌症患者进行了一项横断面调查。随机选取了乳腺癌、结直肠癌、头颈癌、肺癌、前列腺癌以及皮肤非黑色素瘤患者。患者在首次到诊所就诊前接受了访谈。使用症状困扰量表评估身体健康状况，用一般健康问卷（GHQ）评估心理健康状况，用快速残疾量表评估日常功能，并用改良的萨拉森社会支持量表评估社会支持。通过多种方式评估感知到的需求，包括确定患者具体的社会关切和信息需求，以及让他们列出当前的问题或担忧。
156名符合条件的患者中，134名完成了访谈。129名患者（96%）报告了当前症状，包括疲劳（66%）、忧虑（61%）、睡眠困难（48%）和疼痛（42%）。44名患者（33%）被确定为存在心理困扰，GHQ评分≥6。114名患者（85%）有信息需求，89名（66%）表示有≥1项社会关切，55名（41%）报告需要日常生活方面的帮助。
新诊断癌症患者通常报告与疲劳、疼痛和心理困扰相关的症状。其他常见问题涉及对信息的需求以及对患者照顾家庭、维持家庭及其他关系能力的社会关切。了解这些问题对于为新诊断癌症患者规划支持性护理干预措施很重要。
