McNulty P A
Nursing Research Department, Naval Medical Center, San Diego, CA 92134-5000, USA.
Mil Med. 1997 Oct;162(10):703-6.
Eating disorders continue to be reported at a steady rate among lay women. The disorders of anorexia nervosa (AN), bulimia nervosa (BN), and eating disorders not otherwise specified (NOS) have only been reported in a military population in isolated case reports. The military lifestyle and the nursing profession mimic the environment that appears to prevail among women with eating disorders who have been previously studied in civilian populations. A total of 706 active duty female Navy nurses returned an anonymous mailed survey that was developed to correlate military and professional demographics and variables with current and past eating disorder behaviors. Responses were analyzed using the criteria established by the American Psychiatric Association's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Third Edition, Revised; for AN, BN, and NOS eating disorders. Nurses who fit the criteria for AN were 1.1%, and 12.5% met the criteria for BN. NOS was seen in 36% of those sampled, and those classified as normal by exclusion were 50.4%. The Navy provides an environment in which eating disorder behaviors thrive and survive due to many reported military and professional factors.
普通女性中饮食失调的报告率持续稳定。神经性厌食症（AN）、神经性贪食症（BN）以及未另行规定的饮食失调（NOS）仅在军事人群的个别病例报告中有过记载。军事生活方式和护理职业所营造的环境，与先前在平民群体中研究过的饮食失调女性中普遍存在的环境相似。共有706名现役海军女护士回复了一份匿名邮寄调查问卷，该问卷旨在将军事和职业人口统计学及变量与当前和过去的饮食失调行为关联起来。使用美国精神病学协会《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第三版修订本所确立的标准对回复进行分析，以判断是否符合AN、BN和NOS饮食失调标准。符合AN标准的护士占1.1%，符合BN标准的占12.5%。在抽样者中，36%被诊断为NOS，通过排除法归类为正常的占50.4%。由于诸多已报告的军事和职业因素，海军提供了一个饮食失调行为得以滋生和存续的环境。
