McNulty P A
Department of Nursing Services, Naval Medical Center, San Diego, CA 92134-5000, USA.
Mil Med. 1997 Nov;162(11):753-8.
Eating disorders have been widely studied among civilian women and among select groups of men (athletes and wrestlers). Gross disturbances in eating behaviors characterize the conditions of anorexia nervosa (AN), currently seen among 1 to 2% of non-active duty women. Bulimia nervosa (BN) is prevalent among 2% of the female population, and both disorders have a female-to-male ratio of 10:1. Another category of eating disorders known as not otherwise specified (NOS) occurs in between 3 and 35% of the population according to the reported literature. This study examined the prevalence of AN, BN, and NOS among a large sample of active duty Navy men. Multiple military, professional, and behavioral were analyzed to promote an increased understanding and awareness of these disorders among active duty men. This was a descriptive, correlational study among 4,800 Navy men targeted from hospitals, clinics, and ships at sea. Anonymous surveys were returned by 28% of prospective subjects (N = 1,425). The study revealed a prevalence of 2.5% for AN, 6.8% for BN, and 40.8% for NOS among active duty Navy men. AN and BN existed without difference among all active duty men regardless of rank/rate, job assignment, or age. Use of laxatives, diuretics, diet pills, vomiting, and fasting for standards increased during the body measurement and fitness periods, but year-round use of these methods existed at disturbing rates. Multiple logistic regression analysis predicted several factors that might predict the manifestation of eating disorders in this population of active duty members.
饮食失调已在平民女性以及特定男性群体（运动员和摔跤运动员）中得到广泛研究。饮食行为的严重紊乱是神经性厌食症（AN）的特征，目前在1%至2%的非现役女性中可见。神经性贪食症（BN）在2%的女性人群中普遍存在，且这两种疾病的女性与男性比例均为10:1。根据文献报道，另一类被称为未另行规定（NOS）的饮食失调在3%至35%的人群中出现。本研究调查了大量现役海军男性中AN、BN和NOS的患病率。分析了多种军事、专业和行为因素，以增进现役男性对这些疾病的理解和认识。这是一项针对来自医院、诊所和海上舰艇的4800名海军男性的描述性、相关性研究。28%的潜在受试者（N = 1425）返回了匿名调查问卷。研究显示，现役海军男性中AN的患病率为2.5%，BN为6.8%，NOS为40.8%。无论军衔/职级、工作任务或年龄如何，AN和BN在所有现役男性中的存在情况并无差异。在身体测量和健身期间，使用泻药、利尿剂、减肥药、催吐和禁食以达到标准的情况有所增加，但全年以令人不安的比例存在这些方法的使用情况。多元逻辑回归分析预测了几个可能预测现役人员中饮食失调表现的因素。
