Price B, Bergman T S, Rodríguez M, Henrich R T, Moran E J
Price Associates, Inc., Washington DC 20006, USA.
Regul Toxicol Pharmacol. 1997 Aug;26(1 Pt 1):119-28. doi: 10.1006/rtph.1997.1107.
Recent regulatory efforts have devoted attention to carbon disulfide (CS2) exposure and its potential effects on the cardiovascular system. To investigate the association between CS2 exposure and ischemic heart disease (IHD) mortality, the analysis presented here had the following objectives: (i) to review historical CS2 exposure data in the viscose rayon industry and identify trends and (ii) to use these historical data to suggest a standard mortality ratio (SMR)-exposure relationship and a threshold level for occupational exposure to CS2, CS2 exposure data were extracted from published studies and used with the SMR versus exposure score relationship developed by Sweetnam et al. (Br. J. Ind. Med. 44, 220-227, 1987) to relate SMRs directly to exposure. Upper and lower bound exposure profiles were derived and used to identify exposure thresholds. For an IHD SMR equal to 100, the upper and lower bound exposures were 60 and 20 ppm, respectively. The analysis indicates that the risk of IHD mortality and its relationship to CS2 exposure is meaningful only for workers exposed to high level for many years. These high levels, which existed many years ago, are no longer found in the workplace. The results of this analysis suggest a safe regulatory exposure level for CS2 between 15 and 20 ppm.
近期的监管工作已关注到二硫化碳（CS2）暴露及其对心血管系统的潜在影响。为研究CS2暴露与缺血性心脏病（IHD）死亡率之间的关联，本文所呈现的分析有以下目标：（i）回顾粘胶人造丝行业的历史CS2暴露数据并确定趋势，以及（ii）利用这些历史数据来推导标准死亡率比（SMR）-暴露关系以及CS2职业暴露的阈值水平。从已发表的研究中提取CS2暴露数据，并与Sweetnam等人（《英国工业医学杂志》44卷，220 - 227页，1987年）建立的SMR与暴露分数关系相结合，以便将SMR直接与暴露关联起来。得出了暴露水平的上限和下限，并用于确定暴露阈值。对于IHD的SMR等于100的情况，暴露上限和下限分别为60 ppm和20 ppm。分析表明，IHD死亡率风险及其与CS2暴露的关系仅对多年暴露于高水平的工人有意义。这些多年前存在的高水平在工作场所已不再出现。该分析结果表明CS2的安全监管暴露水平在15至20 ppm之间。
