Puyalto C, Colmin C, Laval A
Département des productions animales et des sciences des aliments, école nationale vétérinaire d'Alfort, Maisons-Alfort, France.
Vet Res. 1997 Sep-Oct;28(5):449-60.
The aim of this work was to study the increase in hair contamination by salmonella in cattle between the farm and slaughterhouse and to explore the possible relationship between this contamination and the contamination of carcasses and of the ground beef made from these animals. Between April 1994 and May 1995, eight groups of ten cows were sampled at different stages during transportation between the farm and the slaughterhouse and on the slaughterline. For each group, one or two cows were included in each group because they had been shown to excrete Salmonella typhimurium 15 days before slaughtering. Samples were collected from the animals (faeces, hide, carcasses, lymph nodes, ears), from the environment (vehicles, cubicles, loading corridor, stunning area) and from the final product (ground beef). The hair samples as well as the environmental samples were the most frequently contaminated (26 to 69%). Eleven different salmonella serotypes were identified, with a maximum of three different serotypes per sample. The typhimurium serotype was isolated from 67% of the positive samples. For the animals leaving the farms, the frequency of hair contamination by serotype typhimurium was 8%. The step that most influenced hair contamination seemed to be the transportation to the slaughterhouse with the contamination frequency reaching 25%. The time spent by the animals in the cubicles of the waiting area of the slaughterhouse seemed to have little influence on the frequency of hair contamination. Even though the frequency of coat contamination reached 25% (for serotype typhimurium) at the beginning of the slaughterline, carcass contamination was only 1% before chilling and only involved one group of animals. In this group, hair contamination after slaughter (serotype typhimurium) reached 90% (9/10), and 80% (4/5) of the samples taken from the ground beef were positive (serotype typhimurium). No contamination was detected in the ground meat made from the other groups.
这项工作的目的是研究牛从农场到屠宰场过程中沙门氏菌对毛发污染的增加情况，并探讨这种污染与胴体以及用这些动物制成的碎牛肉污染之间的可能关系。1994年4月至1995年5月期间，八组每组十头奶牛在从农场到屠宰场的运输过程中的不同阶段以及在屠宰线上进行了采样。每组中包含一到两头奶牛，因为它们在屠宰前15天被证明排泄鼠伤寒沙门氏菌。样本从动物（粪便、皮毛、胴体、淋巴结、耳朵）、环境（车辆、畜栏、装货通道、致晕区域）和最终产品（碎牛肉）中采集。毛发样本以及环境样本污染最为频繁（26%至69%）。鉴定出了11种不同的沙门氏菌血清型，每个样本最多有三种不同血清型。鼠伤寒血清型从67%的阳性样本中分离出来。对于离开农场的动物，鼠伤寒血清型对毛发的污染频率为8%。对毛发污染影响最大的步骤似乎是运输到屠宰场，污染频率达到25%。动物在屠宰场等候区畜栏中停留的时间似乎对毛发污染频率影响不大。尽管在屠宰线开始时皮毛污染频率达到25%（鼠伤寒血清型），但胴体在冷却前的污染率仅为1%，且仅涉及一组动物。在这组中，屠宰后毛发污染（鼠伤寒血清型）达到90%（9/10），从碎牛肉中采集的样本80%（4/5）呈阳性（鼠伤寒血清型）。其他组的碎肉未检测到污染。
