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香港癌症发病率趋势与饮食变化的生态学研究。

An ecological study of trends in cancer incidence and dietary changes in Hong Kong.

作者信息

Koo L C, Mang O W, Ho J H

机构信息

Department of Community Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.

出版信息

Nutr Cancer. 1997;28(3):289-301. doi: 10.1080/01635589709514590.

Abstract

Cancer incidence rates from the Hong Kong Cancer Registry show significant increases in lung and colon cancers and decreases in nasopharyngeal cancer in both sexes from 1973 to 1992. Moreover, cervical cancer and male esophageal cancer have declined significantly, and changes in the trends of cancer of the following sites were of borderline significance: decreasing male laryngeal and female esophageal cancers and increasing prostate and female breast cancers. These changes have occurred along with dietary shifts in the population, from a diet predominantly of rice and small portions of meat, vegetables, and fish to one with larger portions of all foods but rice and eggs. The latter data were gathered from six government household surveys from 1963-64 to 1994-95. By combining the two data sets, correlation coefficients were calculated for per capita consumption patterns of eight foods (rice, pork, beef, poultry, saltwater fish, freshwater fish, fresh vegetables, and eggs) and cancer incidence data of the same year or 10 years later. Higher meat intakes were significantly and positively correlated with cancers of the colon, rectum, prostate, and female breast. The correlations also suggested that current diets were more influential than diets a decade before for cancers of the lung, esophagus, rectum, and prostate. Cancers of the nasopharynx and colon were significantly correlated with current and past diets. These results support the hypothesis that intakes of meat and its associated fat are risk factors for colon, rectal, prostate, and female breast cancers.

摘要

香港癌症登记处的数据显示,1973年至1992年间,男性和女性的肺癌和结肠癌发病率显著上升,鼻咽癌发病率下降。此外,宫颈癌和男性食管癌发病率显著下降,以下部位癌症趋势的变化具有临界显著性:男性喉癌和女性食管癌发病率下降,前列腺癌和女性乳腺癌发病率上升。这些变化与人群饮食结构的转变同时发生,从以大米为主,少量肉类、蔬菜和鱼类的饮食,转变为除大米和鸡蛋外所有食物摄入量都更大的饮食。后一组数据来自1963 - 64年至1994 - 95年的六项政府家庭调查。通过合并这两组数据,计算了八种食物(大米、猪肉、牛肉、家禽、咸水鱼、淡水鱼、新鲜蔬菜和鸡蛋)的人均消费模式与同年或10年后癌症发病率数据之间的相关系数。肉类摄入量增加与结肠癌、直肠癌、前列腺癌和女性乳腺癌显著正相关。相关性分析还表明,当前饮食对肺癌、食管癌、直肠癌和前列腺癌的影响比十年前的饮食更大。鼻咽癌和结肠癌与当前和过去的饮食显著相关。这些结果支持了以下假设:肉类及其相关脂肪的摄入是结肠癌、直肠癌、前列腺癌和女性乳腺癌的危险因素。

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