James C P, Harburn K L, Kramer J F
School of Occupational Therapy, Elborn College, The University of Western Ontario, London, Canada.
Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1997 Aug;78(8):860-6. doi: 10.1016/s0003-9993(97)90201-x.
This study addresses test-retest reliability of the Postural and Repetitive Risk-Factors Index (PRRI) for work-related upper body injuries. This assessment was developed by the present authors.
A repeated measures design was used to assess the test-retest reliability of a videotaped work-site assessment of subjects' movements.
Ten heavy users of video display terminals (VDTs) from a local banking industry participated in the study.
The 10 subjects' movements were videotaped for 2 hours on each of 2 separate days, while working on-site at their VDTs.
The videotaped assessment, which utilized known postural risk factors for developing musculoskeletal disorder, pain, and discomfort in heavy VDT users (ie, repetitiveness, awkward and static postures, and contraction time), was called the PRRI. The videotaped movement assessments were subsequently analyzed in 15-minute sessions (five sessions per 2-hour videotape, which produced a total of 10 sessions over the 2 testing days), and each session was chosen randomly from the videotape. The subjects' movements were given a postural risk score according to the criteria in the PRRI. Each subject was therefore tested a total of 10 times (ie, 10 sessions), over two days. The maximum PRRI score for both sides of the body was 216 points.
Reliability coefficients (RCs) for the PRRI scores were calculated, and the reliability of any one session met the minimum criterion for excellent reliability, which was .75. A two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) confirmed that there was no statistically significant difference between sessions (p < .05). Calculations using the standard error of measurement (SEM) indicated that an individual tested once, on one day and with a PRRI score of 25, required a change of at least 8 points in order to be confident that a true change in score had occurred. The significant results from the reliability tests indicated that the PRRI was a reliable measurement tool that could be used by occupational health practitioners on the job site.
本研究探讨姿势与重复性风险因素指数（PRRI）在与工作相关的上身损伤方面的重测信度。该评估由本文作者开发。
采用重复测量设计来评估对受试者动作进行录像的工作现场评估的重测信度。
来自当地银行业的10名频繁使用视频显示终端（VDT）的人员参与了该研究。
在两个不同的日子里，每次对这10名受试者使用VDT在现场工作时的动作进行2小时的录像。
录像评估利用已知的姿势风险因素来确定频繁使用VDT者发生肌肉骨骼疾病、疼痛和不适的情况（即重复性、别扭和静态姿势以及收缩时间），称为PRRI。随后对录像的动作评估以15分钟的时段进行分析（每2小时的录像有5个时段，在2个测试日共产生10个时段），每个时段从录像中随机选取。根据PRRI中的标准为受试者的动作给出姿势风险评分。因此，每位受试者在两天内共接受10次测试（即10个时段）。身体两侧的PRRI最高得分为216分。
计算了PRRI评分的信度系数（RC），任何一个时段的信度都达到了优秀信度的最低标准，即0.75。双向方差分析（ANOVA）证实各时段之间无统计学显著差异（p < 0.05）。使用测量标准误差（SEM）进行的计算表明，一个人在某一天进行一次测试且PRRI评分为25分，要确定分数发生了真正变化，分数至少需要改变8分。信度测试的显著结果表明，PRRI是一种可靠的测量工具，职业健康从业者可在工作现场使用。
