Ragneskog H, Kihlgren M
Department of Nursing, Göteborg University College of Health Sciences, Mölndal, Sweden.
Scand J Caring Sci. 1997;11(3):176-82. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-6712.1997.tb00451.x.
Many patients with dementia symptoms display forms of agitation such as the repeating of words, restlessness and aggression. These forms of behaviour may inflict strain on the co-patients and the caregivers. In this study, 17 experienced formal caregivers from nursing homes and collective residential units were interviewed about their experiences of agitated patients with dementia and strategies to improve their care. The questions were open except for specific questions about sound, music, and opinions about pharmacological treatment. A calm atmosphere and a slow pace emerged as important strategies to control agitation. Fixed routines could develop this. The mixing of lucid and agitated dementia patients appeared as a major problem, because some lucid patients became angry when patients with dementia displayed agitation. Irritability in one patient could trigger agitation in other patients but was possible to stop at an early stage. Several responders had successfully used music to calm individual agitated patients. Music seemed to be an underestimated nursing intervention to control agitation in daily life, but uncontrolled sound could cause agitation in the patients and stress in the nursing staff.
许多有痴呆症状的患者会表现出如重复言语、坐立不安和攻击性等激动行为。这些行为形式可能会给同病房患者和护理人员带来压力。在本研究中，对17名来自养老院和集体居住单元的经验丰富的正规护理人员进行了访谈，了解他们对患有痴呆症的激动患者的护理经验以及改善护理的策略。除了关于声音、音乐和药物治疗意见的特定问题外，问题都是开放式的。营造平静的氛围和保持缓慢的节奏是控制激动情绪的重要策略。固定的日常安排有助于实现这一点。清醒的痴呆患者和激动的痴呆患者混合在一起似乎是一个主要问题，因为当痴呆患者表现出激动时，一些清醒的患者会变得愤怒。一名患者的易怒可能会引发其他患者的激动，但在早期阶段是可以制止的。几位受访者成功地使用音乐使个别激动的患者平静下来。音乐似乎是一种在日常生活中被低估的控制激动情绪的护理干预措施，但不受控制的声音可能会导致患者激动和护理人员压力。
