日粮硒水平对日本鹌鹑铅毒性的影响。

Stone C L, Soares J H

Poult Sci. 1976 Jan;55(1):341-9. doi: 10.3382/ps.0550341.

Previous studies (Parizek et al., 1969) have shown significant interactions between selenium and certain heavy metals, particularly mercury and cadmium. Since these elements have an affinity for sulfhydryl groups, it was proposed that a similar interaction might exist with lead. In an initial experiment, adult quail hens were given diets supplemented with 0 and 1 p.p.m. selenium and 0, 500 and 1000 p.p.m. lead in a 2 X 3 factorial arrangement. After 32 days of feeding, body weight, liver weight and egg production decreased in birds fed lead while kidney weights increased. Highly significant decreases in red blood cell delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (RBC-ALAD) activity occurred when lead was added to the diet. Control RBC-ALAD activity was 1337 versus 105, 91, 156 and 110 nmol. porphobilogen produced per ml. of erythrocyte per hour (nmol. PBG/ml. RBC/hr.) for the 500, 1000, 500 plus selenium and 1000 plus groups, respectively. After 85 days of feeding lead to male birds in a second study, selenium appeared to have variable effects on the concentration of lead in liver, kidney and tibia. Selenium supplementation to lead diets resulted in significantly increased levels of lead in kidney tissue while little or no effects were observed on liver or tibia lead levels. RBC-ALAD activity was significantly reduced with lead supplementation and no effect of selenium addition was observed. Electrophoretic gels of serum from birds fed lead containing diets showed increased protein bands in the transferrin and globulin regions regardless of the presence of 1 p.p.m. selenium. A third study was conducted to determine the effects of supplementing an isolated soy protein diet with 0 and 1 p.p.m. selenium and 0 and 3000 p.p.m. lead. Selenium supplementation improved body weights over controls while lead additions caused reduced egg production and ALAD activity. Lead feeding increased tibia/body weight ratios and lead concentrations in liver, kidney and tibia. No significant interaction between lead and selenium was observed.

先前的研究（帕里泽克等人，1969年）表明，硒与某些重金属之间存在显著的相互作用，尤其是汞和镉。由于这些元素对巯基有亲和力，因此有人提出，铅可能也存在类似的相互作用。在一项初步实验中，成年鹌鹑母鸡被给予按2×3析因设计添加了0和1 ppm硒以及0、500和1000 ppm铅的日粮。饲喂32天后，饲喂铅的鸟类体重、肝脏重量和产蛋量下降，而肾脏重量增加。日粮中添加铅后，红细胞δ-氨基-γ-酮戊酸脱水酶（RBC-ALAD）活性显著降低。对照组的RBC-ALAD活性为每毫升红细胞每小时产生1337纳摩尔胆色素原，而500、1000、500加硒和1000加硒组分别为105、91、156和110纳摩尔胆色素原（纳摩尔PBG/毫升红细胞/小时）。在第二项研究中，向雄性鸟类饲喂铅85天后，硒对肝脏、肾脏和胫骨中的铅浓度似乎有不同影响。在含铅日粮中添加硒导致肾脏组织中的铅水平显著升高，而对肝脏或胫骨中的铅水平几乎没有影响。添加铅会显著降低RBC-ALAD活性，添加硒则无影响。饲喂含铅日粮的鸟类血清的电泳凝胶显示，无论是否添加1 ppm硒，转铁蛋白和球蛋白区域的蛋白带都会增加。进行了第三项研究，以确定在分离大豆蛋白日粮中添加0和1 ppm硒以及0和3000 ppm铅的影响。添加硒可使体重高于对照组，而添加铅会导致产蛋量和ALAD活性降低。饲喂铅会增加胫骨/体重比以及肝脏、肾脏和胫骨中的铅浓度。未观察到铅和硒之间有显著的相互作用。