Hughes C, Gomez-Caminero A, Benkendorf J, Kerner J, Isaacs C, Barter J, Lerman C
Georgetown University Medical Center, Lombardi Cancer Center, Washington, DC 20007, USA.
Patient Educ Couns. 1997 Sep-Oct;32(1-2):51-62. doi: 10.1016/s0738-3991(97)00064-5.
Informed consent for BRCA1 mutation testing will require adequate knowledge of patterns of inheritance of cancer and the benefits, limitations, and risks of DNA testing. This study examined knowledge about the inheritance of breast cancer and attitudes about genetic testing for breast-ovarian cancer susceptibility in women at increased risk. Knowledge and attitudes were measured in 407 African American and Caucasian women aged 18-75 who had at least one first-degree relative (FDR) with breast and/or ovarian cancer. The average knowledge score was 6.0 out of a total of 11 (S.D. = 2.15). Compared to Caucasian women, African American women had lower levels of knowledge and had more positive attitudes about the benefits of genetic testing. There were no significant ethnic differences in attitudes about the limitations and risks of testing, however, income was negatively associated with this outcome. Ethnic differences in knowledge and attitudes about genetic testing for breast-ovarian cancer risk may be attributable to differences in exposure to genetic information and referral by health care providers.
BRCA1基因检测的知情同意需要对癌症遗传模式以及DNA检测的益处、局限性和风险有充分了解。本研究调查了患癌风险增加的女性对乳腺癌遗传的了解情况以及对乳腺-卵巢癌易感性基因检测的态度。对407名年龄在18至75岁之间、至少有一位患有乳腺癌和/或卵巢癌的一级亲属（FDR）的非裔美国女性和白人女性进行了知识和态度的测量。在总共11分的知识测试中，平均得分是6.0分（标准差=2.15）。与白人女性相比，非裔美国女性的知识水平较低，对基因检测益处的态度更为积极。然而，在对检测局限性和风险的态度上没有显著的种族差异，不过，收入与这一结果呈负相关。非裔美国女性和白人女性在乳腺-卵巢癌风险基因检测的知识和态度上的种族差异可能归因于接触遗传信息的差异以及医疗保健提供者的转诊情况。
