Mersch J, Beauvais M N
Universität des Saarlandes, Zentrum für Umweltforschung, Institut für Biogeographie, Saarbrücken, Germany.
Mutat Res. 1997 Sep 18;393(1-2):141-9. doi: 10.1016/s1383-5718(97)00099-5.
Caged zebra mussels, Dreissena polymorpha, were transplanted to 6 monitoring sites receiving industrial effluents suspected of containing genotoxic chemicals. After a residence time of 2 months, the induction of micronuclei (MN) in haemocytes was determined as a criterion for genetic damage. The mean MN frequencies observed in mussels exposed to effluents ranged between 5.0 and 8.8/1000. These rates were significantly higher than the baseline level of 2.0/1000 recorded in a concurrent control mussel group reintroduced at the reference location. Biological fitness descriptors (mortality, attachment biotest, condition index, gonadic index) revealed no relationship between the general well-being of the mussels exposed under contrasted environmental conditions and the frequency of MN induced in their haemocytes. The biological feasibility of the transfer technique of zebra mussels, together with a moderate, but significant, inducibility of MN, are major features towards the development of a first tool for in situ monitoring of genotoxicity in freshwater environments using a common indicator species.
将笼养的斑马贻贝（Dreissena polymorpha）移植到6个监测点，这些监测点接收疑似含有遗传毒性化学物质的工业废水。在停留2个月后，测定血细胞中微核（MN）的诱导情况，作为遗传损伤的一个标准。在接触废水的贻贝中观察到的平均微核频率在5.0至8.8/1000之间。这些比率显著高于在参考地点重新引入的同期对照贻贝组记录的基线水平2.0/1000。生物学适应性描述指标（死亡率、附着生物测试、状况指数、性腺指数）显示，在对比环境条件下暴露的贻贝的总体健康状况与其血细胞中诱导的微核频率之间没有关系。斑马贻贝转移技术的生物学可行性，以及微核的适度但显著的诱导性，是开发一种利用常见指示物种对淡水环境中的遗传毒性进行原位监测的首个工具的主要特征。
