Giancola P R, Zeichner A
Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pennsylvania 15213-2593, USA. pgiancol+@pitt.edu
J Abnorm Psychol. 1997 Nov;106(4):598-607. doi: 10.1037//0021-843x.106.4.598.
The authors assessed the biphasic effects of alcohol on human physical aggression. Sixty male social drinkers were assigned to 1 of 4 groups: alcohol ascending limb (AAL), alcohol descending limb (ADL), or 1 of 2 sober control groups. Aggression was assessed in the AAL and ADL groups at respective ascending or descending blood alcohol concentrations (BAC) of 0.08%. Each participant in the control groups was respectively yoked with a participant in either the AAL or the ADL group to control for the longer period of time needed to reach a BAC of 0.08% on the descending limb compared with the ascending limb (i.e., passage of time effect). The authors measured aggression using a modified version of the Taylor aggression paradigm (S. Taylor, 1967), in which electric shocks are received from and administered to a fictitious opponent during a competitive task. The AAL group was more aggressive than the ADL groups. There were no differences between the ADL group and the control groups, which suggests that alcohol does not appear to increase aggression on the descending limb. The control groups did not differ in aggression, thus ruling out a passage of time effect.
作者评估了酒精对人类身体攻击性的双相影响。60名男性社交饮酒者被分为4组中的1组：酒精上升阶段组（AAL）、酒精下降阶段组（ADL）或2个清醒对照组中的1组。在AAL组和ADL组中，分别在血液酒精浓度（BAC）为0.08%的上升或下降阶段评估攻击性。对照组中的每个参与者分别与AAL组或ADL组中的一名参与者配对，以控制与上升阶段相比，下降阶段达到0.08%的BAC所需的更长时间（即时间推移效应）。作者使用泰勒攻击性范式（S.泰勒，1967）的修改版本来测量攻击性，在该范式中，在一项竞争性任务中，参与者会从一个虚构对手那里接受电击并向其施加电击。AAL组比ADL组更具攻击性。ADL组与对照组之间没有差异，这表明在下降阶段酒精似乎不会增加攻击性。对照组在攻击性方面没有差异，从而排除了时间推移效应。
