Walker J T, Burnett C A, Lalich N R, Sestito J P, Halperin W E
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA.
Am J Ind Med. 1997 Dec;32(6):614-9. doi: 10.1002/(sici)1097-0274(199712)32:6<614::aid-ajim7>3.0.co;2-p.
A cancer mortality study of 8,163 deaths occurring among persons formerly employed as laundering and dry cleaning workers in 28 states is described. Age-adjusted sex-race cause-specific proportionate mortality ratios (PMRs) and proportionate cancer mortality ratios (PCMRs) were computed for 1979 through 1990, using the corresponding 28-state mortality as the comparison. For those aged 15-64 years, there were excesses in black men for total cancer mortality (PMR = 130, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 105-159) and cancer of the esophagus 1 (PMR = 215, 95% CI = 111-376), and in white men for cancer of the larynx (PMR = 318, 95% CI = 117-693). For those aged 65 years and over, there were statistically nonsignificant excesses for cancer of the trachea, bronchus, and lung in black women (PMR = 128, CI = 94-170) and for cancer of other and unspecified female genital organs in white women (PMR = 225, CI = 97-443). The results of this and other studies point to the need for the effective implementation of available control measures to protect laundry and dry cleaning workers.
本文描述了一项针对28个州曾从事洗衣和干洗工作的人员中发生的8163例死亡病例的癌症死亡率研究。以相应的28个州的死亡率作为对照，计算了1979年至1990年按年龄调整的性别-种族特定病因比例死亡率（PMR）和比例癌症死亡率（PCMR）。对于15 - 64岁的人群，黑人男性的总癌症死亡率（PMR = 130，95%置信区间（CI）= 105 - 159）和食管癌死亡率（PMR = 215，95% CI = 111 - 376）过高，白人男性的喉癌死亡率（PMR = 318，95% CI = 117 - 693）过高。对于65岁及以上的人群，黑人女性的气管、支气管和肺癌死亡率（PMR = 128，CI = 94 - 170）以及白人女性的其他和未指明的女性生殖器官癌症死亡率（PMR = 225，CI = 97 - 443）虽有升高但无统计学意义。本研究及其他研究结果表明，需要有效实施现有控制措施以保护洗衣和干洗工人。
