Ruder A M, Ward E M, Brown D P
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, Ohio 45226.
J Occup Med. 1994 Aug;36(8):867-74.
A cohort study of dry-cleaning workers (1109 women, 592 men) in the mid-1980s revealed significant excess bladder cancer mortality. This article updates vital status through 1990. Significant excesses were seen for bladder cancer (nine deaths, standardized mortality ratio [SMR] = 2.54, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.16-4.82), esophageal cancer (10 deaths, SMR = 2.14, 95% CI = 1.02-3.94), and intestinal cancer (26 deaths, SMR = 1.56, 95% CI = 1.02-2.29). In a subcohort exposed only to perchloroethylene (PCE), those with 5 or more years of employment and 20 or more years since first exposure had a significant increased risk of esophageal cancer (four deaths, SMR = 7.17, 95% CI = 1.92-19.82). Women had significant excess esophageal cancer (five deaths, SMR = 3.24, 95% CI = 1.05-7.58) and elevated SMRs for intestinal, pancreatic, and bladder cancer mortality. This study confirms the esophageal cancer risk among dry-cleaning workers seen in another study and suggests an association with PCE. It further documents the risks for intestinal, pancreatic, and bladder cancers in this industry.
20世纪80年代中期对干洗工人（1109名女性，592名男性）进行的一项队列研究显示，膀胱癌死亡率显著过高。本文更新了截至1990年的生命状况。观察到膀胱癌（9例死亡，标准化死亡比[SMR]=2.54，95%置信区间[CI]=1.16-4.82）、食管癌（10例死亡，SMR=2.14，95%CI=1.02-3.94）和肠癌（26例死亡，SMR=1.56，95%CI=1.02-2.29）存在显著过高的情况。在仅接触过氯乙烯（PCE）的一个亚队列中，就业5年或以上且首次接触后20年或以上的人患食管癌的风险显著增加（4例死亡，SMR=7.17，95%CI=1.92-19.82）。女性食管癌死亡率显著过高（5例死亡，SMR=3.24，95%CI=1.05-7.58），肠癌、胰腺癌和膀胱癌死亡率的SMR也有所升高。本研究证实了另一项研究中观察到的干洗工人患食管癌的风险，并表明与PCE有关。它进一步记录了该行业中患肠癌、胰腺癌和膀胱癌的风险。
