Wood K W, Sakowicz R, Goldstein L S, Cleveland D W
Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla 92093-0660, USA.
Cell. 1997 Oct 31;91(3):357-66. doi: 10.1016/s0092-8674(00)80419-5.
Mitosis requires dynamic attachment of chromosomes to spindle microtubules. This interaction is mediated largely by kinetochores. During prometaphase, forces exerted at kinetochores, in combination with polar ejection forces, drive congression of chromosomes to the metaphase plate. A major question has been whether kinetochore-associated microtubule motors play an important role in congression. Using immunodepletion from and antibody addition to Xenopus egg extracts, we show that the kinetochore-associated kinesin-like motor protein CENP-E is essential for positioning chromosomes at the metaphase plate. We further demonstrate that CENP-E powers movement toward microtubule plus ends in vitro. These findings support a model in which CENP-E functions in congression to tether kinetochores to dynamic microtubule plus ends.
有丝分裂需要染色体与纺锤体微管进行动态连接。这种相互作用主要由动粒介导。在前中期,动粒施加的力与极向弹射力共同作用,驱动染色体向中期板汇聚。一个主要问题是,与动粒相关的微管马达蛋白在染色体汇聚过程中是否发挥重要作用。通过对非洲爪蟾卵提取物进行免疫去除和添加抗体的实验,我们发现与动粒相关的驱动蛋白样马达蛋白CENP - E对于染色体在中期板上的定位至关重要。我们进一步证明,CENP - E在体外能够驱动向微管正端的移动。这些发现支持了一种模型,即CENP - E在染色体汇聚过程中发挥作用,将动粒与动态的微管正端相连。