Overview of 1993 research activities in Belarus related to the Chernobyl accident.

This overview describes the medical and biological consequences of the Chernobyl nuclear power plant accident that had been assessed by Belarus scientists as of 1993. In particular, childhood thyroid cancer has increased in both frequency and severity. Other malignant tumors may have also increased, as may have childhood diseases that result from impaired immune function. It is unknown whether these increases in human disease (other than thyroid cancer) are due to improved methods of reporting or to exposure to ionizing radiation. In addition to the medical consequences of radiation damage, there are also significant psychological problems endured by the population living in contaminated areas. The Republic of Belarus has participated in several international programs for the study and management of widespread radiation exposure, and will continue to do so. Programs to address issues of radiation protection and population safety are being implemented wherever possible.