Richardson W C
Int J Health Serv. 1976;6(1):25-34. doi: 10.2190/K40K-KTCM-A5C9-HYP6.
This paper examines the implications of the recent emergence in the United States of three major factors for management education in health services. The factors are: new organizational forms for delivery of services, increased emphasis on public accountability, and the proliferation of agencies intended to monitor and coordinate health services providers. Several questions are considered, including the degree to which training for various managerial careers within health services should be differentiated; the degree to which professional education should occur in the academic setting as distinct from the work setting; and, most importantly, the appropriate content of graduate education. It is argued that formal education for health services management should place substantial emphasis on the development of a student's analytic skills, with particular reference to quantitative methods. While these technical skills are not likely to become the dominant ingredient of successful and effective management, they do provide the manager with the ability to identify courses of action which will benefit the organization, and strengthen his hand in dealing with groups that are necessarily in conflict with its goals. It is stressed that training in this area should be oriented toward the needs of the prospective manager rather than the quantitative methods specialist.
本文探讨了近期在美国出现的三个主要因素对卫生服务管理教育的影响。这些因素包括：新型服务提供组织形式、对公共问责制的日益重视以及旨在监督和协调卫生服务提供者的机构的激增。文中考虑了几个问题，包括卫生服务领域内各种管理职业培训应差异化的程度；专业教育应在学术环境而非工作环境中进行的程度；以及最重要的是，研究生教育的适当内容。本文认为，卫生服务管理的正规教育应高度重视培养学生的分析技能，特别是定量方法。虽然这些技术技能不太可能成为成功和有效管理的主导要素，但它们确实使管理者能够确定有利于组织的行动方针，并增强其在与必然与其目标相冲突的群体打交道时的优势。需要强调的是，这一领域的培训应面向未来管理者的需求，而非定量方法专家的需求。
