Lewis R M, Batchelor D C, Bassett N S, Johnston B M, Napier J, Skinner S J
Research Centre for Developmental Medicine and Biology, University of Auckland, New Zealand.
Pediatr Res. 1997 Dec;42(6):758-64. doi: 10.1203/00006450-199712000-00007.
Disproportionate fetal and placental growth are associated with the development of hypertension in the rat and human. Here we report differences in fetal, neonatal, and placental growth, and in metabolism and endocrinology, between the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR), a genetic model for human essential hypertension, and the control Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) strain. Gestation in SHR (23 d) was longer than in WKY by 20 h. Body weights were lower in the SHR from fetal d 16 to 20 and on postnatal d 15. However, on fetal d 22 and postnatal d 1, there was no significant difference in body weight between SHR and WKY. SHR placentas were larger than those of WKY at d 20, and by term there was a difference of 30% (p < 0.01). Other indices of disproportionate growth were hypertrophy of the fetal heart and kidney and decreased ponderal index in the SHR neonate. Blood glucose in SHR fetuses was lower than in WKY fetuses (p < 0.05), whereas blood lactate was higher (p < 0.05) and fetal hematocrit was reduced (p < 0.001). These findings suggest undernutrition and placental insufficiency may occur in SHR fetuses. Plasma IGF-II was increased on the last day of gestation in both strains, whereas IGF-I was unaltered. Fetal liver IGFBP-2 mRNA and plasma IGFBP-2 levels were reduced in SHR on fetal d 20 and 22 (p < 0.01). Differences in growth and endocrine and metabolic parameters suggest abnormal perinatal physiology in the SHR, which may influence the later development of hypertension.
胎儿和胎盘生长不均衡与大鼠及人类高血压的发生有关。在此，我们报告了自发性高血压大鼠（SHR，一种人类原发性高血压的遗传模型）与对照Wistar-Kyoto（WKY）品系在胎儿、新生儿及胎盘生长，以及代谢和内分泌方面的差异。SHR的妊娠期（23天）比WKY长20小时。从胎儿期第16天到20天以及出生后第15天，SHR的体重较低。然而，在胎儿期第22天和出生后第1天，SHR和WKY的体重没有显著差异。在第20天，SHR的胎盘比WKY的大，到足月时两者相差30%（p<0.01）。生长不均衡的其他指标包括SHR新生儿的胎儿心脏和肾脏肥大以及 ponderal指数降低。SHR胎儿的血糖低于WKY胎儿（p<0.05），而血乳酸较高（p<0.05），胎儿血细胞比容降低（p<0.001）。这些发现表明SHR胎儿可能发生营养不足和胎盘功能不全。在两个品系中，妊娠期最后一天血浆IGF-II均升高，而IGF-I未改变。在胎儿期第20天和22天，SHR胎儿肝脏IGFBP-2 mRNA和血浆IGFBP-2水平降低（p<0.01）。生长、内分泌和代谢参数的差异表明SHR围产期生理学异常，这可能影响高血压的后期发展。
