Brenner M H
Johns Hopkins University, USA.
Acta Physiol Scand Suppl. 1997;640:149-52.
Research over the last two decades has indicated that changes in cardiovascular disease mortality rates have been influenced by those in national economic indicators as well as by measures of consumption of tobacco, animal fats and alcohol. These findings predominantly involved the United States, United Kingdom and Scandinavian countries. The economic indicators included real per capita income and social welfare expenditures (beneficial relationships to mortality rates), and unemployment rates and business failure rates (detrimental relationships to mortality). James Henry's formulations have emphasized that many different illnesses respond to emotional stresses in different psychophysiological patterns depending on the specific constellations of emotions aroused. On the assumption that the impact of national economic changes on cardiovascular mortality reflects emotional stresses, losses, frustrations and deprivations, similar tests were undertaken using Western German heart disease mortality rate data over 1951-1989. Time-series regression analysis showed that, holding constant the effects of tobacco, animal fats and alcohol, increased income and social welfare expenditures are related to heart disease mortality rate declines, whereas increased unemployment and business failure rates are related to heart disease mortality rate increases over more than a decade.
过去二十年的研究表明，心血管疾病死亡率的变化受到国家经济指标以及烟草、动物脂肪和酒精消费量指标的影响。这些研究结果主要涉及美国、英国和斯堪的纳维亚国家。经济指标包括实际人均收入和社会福利支出（与死亡率呈有益关系），以及失业率和企业破产率（与死亡率呈有害关系）。詹姆斯·亨利的公式强调，许多不同的疾病根据所引发的特定情绪组合，以不同的心理生理模式对情绪压力做出反应。假设国家经济变化对心血管死亡率的影响反映了情绪压力、损失、挫折和匮乏，利用1951 - 1989年西德心脏病死亡率数据进行了类似测试。时间序列回归分析表明，在保持烟草、动物脂肪和酒精影响不变的情况下，收入增加和社会福利支出增加与心脏病死亡率下降有关，而失业率和企业破产率增加与十多年来心脏病死亡率上升有关。
