Ivanov V K, Tsyb A F, Nilova E V, Efendiev V F, Gorsky A I, Pitkevich V A, Leshakov S Y u, Shiryaev V I
Medical Radiological Research Centre of RAMS, Obninsk, Russian Federation.
Radiat Environ Biophys. 1997 Sep;36(3):161-7. doi: 10.1007/s004110050067.
Cancer morbidity and mortality were studied in areas of the Kaluga oblast contaminated with radionuclides. The main objective of the study was to assess the influence of radiation exposure on existing levels of cancer morbidity and mortality. Time trends and relative population risks were analysed. Based on this analysis, it was concluded that the current levels of morbidity from cancers among the populations residing in the studied areas were primarily a result of a complex of factors which predated the exposure from the Chernobyl accident. However, there seems to be an unfavourable trend concerning malignant neoplasms of the respiratory organs for women residing in the contaminated areas. To date, no statistically significant effect of radiation on cancer morbidity (except for thyroid cancer in women) has been noted. The levels of cancer morbidity and mortality in the contaminated areas generally reflect the changes in cancer incidence in the oblast as a whole. The findings are consistent with international data on latent periods for the induction of radiogenic cancers and the biological effects for similar levels of exposure to populations residing in contaminated territories. Further studies are necessary in order to monitor possible effects that are related to the accident.
对卡卢加州受放射性核素污染地区的癌症发病率和死亡率进行了研究。该研究的主要目的是评估辐射暴露对现有癌症发病率和死亡率水平的影响。分析了时间趋势和相对人群风险。基于此分析得出结论，居住在研究区域的人群中目前的癌症发病率主要是切尔诺贝利事故暴露之前的一系列因素造成的。然而，居住在受污染地区的女性呼吸系统恶性肿瘤似乎存在不利趋势。迄今为止，尚未发现辐射对癌症发病率有统计学上的显著影响（女性甲状腺癌除外）。受污染地区的癌症发病率和死亡率水平总体上反映了该州整体癌症发病率的变化。这些发现与关于辐射诱发癌症的潜伏期以及居住在受污染地区人群类似暴露水平的生物学效应的国际数据一致。为监测与事故相关的可能影响，有必要进行进一步研究。
