Price M J, Campbell I G
Division of Sport and Environmental Science, The Manchester Metropolitan University, Crewe and Alsager Faculty, Stoke-on-Trent, UK.
Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol. 1997;76(6):552-60. doi: 10.1007/s004210050289.
The thermoregulatory responses of ten paraplegic (PA; T3/4-L4) and nine able-bodied (AB) upper body trained athletes were examined at rest and during prolonged arm-cranking exercise and passive recovery. Exercise was performed for 90 min at 80% peak heart rate, and at 21.5 (1.7) degrees C and 47.0 (7.8)% relative humidity on a Monark cycle ergometer (Ergomedic 814E) adapted for arm exercise. Mean peak oxygen uptake values for the PA and AB athlete groups were 2.12 (0.41) min(-1) and 3.19 (0.38) l x min(-1), respectively (P<0.05). At rest, there was no difference in aural temperature between groups [36.2 (0.4) degrees C for both groups]. However, upper body skin temperatures for the PA athletes were approximately 1.0 degrees C warmer than for the AB athletes, whereas lower body skin temperatures were cooler than those for the AB athletes (1.3 degrees C and 2.7 degrees C for the thigh and calf, respectively). Upper and lower body skin temperatures for the AB athletes were similar. During exercise, blood lactate peaked after 15 min of exercise for both groups [3.33 (1.26) mmol x l(-1) and 4.30 (1.03) mmol x l(-1) for the PA and AB athletes, respectively, P<0.05] and decreased throughout the remainder of the exercise period. Aural temperature increased by 0.7 (0.5) degrees C and 0.6 (0.4) degrees C for the AB and PA athletes, respectively. Calf skin temperature for the PA athletes increased during exercise by 1.4 (2.8) degrees C (P<0.05), whereas a decrease of 0.8 (2.0) degrees C (P<0.05) was observed for the AB athletes. During the first 20 min of recovery from exercise, the calf skin temperature of the AB athletes decreased further [-2.6 (1.3) degrees C; P<0.05]. Weight losses and changes in plasma volume were similar for both groups [0.7 (0.5) kg and 0.7 (0.4) kg; 5.4 (4.9)% and 9.7 (6.2)% for the PA and AB athletes, respectively]. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest that the PA athletes exhibit different thermoregulatory responses at rest and during exercise and passive recovery to those of upper body trained AB athletes. Despite this, during 90 min of arm-crank exercise in a cool environment, the PA athletes appeared to be at no greater thermal risk than the AB athletes.
对10名截瘫（PA；T3/4-L4）和9名身体健全（AB）的上身训练有素的运动员在静息状态、长时间手摇曲柄运动及被动恢复期间的体温调节反应进行了检测。在Monark功率自行车（Ergomedic 814E，改装用于手臂运动）上，于21.5（1.7）摄氏度和47.0（7.8）%相对湿度条件下，以80%心率峰值进行90分钟运动。PA组和AB组运动员的平均峰值摄氧量分别为2.12（0.41）升/分钟和3.19（0.38）升/分钟（P<0.05）。静息时，两组间耳温无差异[两组均为36.2（0.4）摄氏度]。然而，PA组运动员上身皮肤温度比AB组运动员约高1.0摄氏度，而下身皮肤温度比AB组运动员低（大腿和小腿分别低1.3摄氏度和2.7摄氏度）。AB组运动员的上身和下身皮肤温度相似。运动期间，两组在运动15分钟后血乳酸均达到峰值[PA组和AB组运动员分别为3.33（1.26）毫摩尔/升和4.30（1.03）毫摩尔/升，P<0.05]，并在运动剩余时间内下降。AB组和PA组运动员的耳温分别升高0.7（0.5）摄氏度和0.6（0.4）摄氏度。PA组运动员小腿皮肤温度在运动期间升高1.4（2.8）摄氏度（P<0.05），而AB组运动员小腿皮肤温度下降0.8（2.0）摄氏度（P<0.05）。在运动恢复的前20分钟内，AB组运动员的小腿皮肤温度进一步下降[-2.6（1.3）摄氏度；P<0.05]。两组的体重减轻和血浆量变化相似[PA组和AB组运动员分别为0.7（0.5）千克和0.7（0.4）千克；5.4（4.9）%和9.7（6.2）%]。总之，本研究结果表明，PA组运动员在静息、运动及被动恢复期间表现出与上身训练有素的AB组运动员不同的体温调节反应。尽管如此，在凉爽环境中进行90分钟手摇曲柄运动期间，PA组运动员似乎与AB组运动员面临的热风险并无差异。
