Ebraheim N A, Lu J, Yang H, Huntoon M, Yeasting R A
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Medical College of Ohio, Toledo 43614, USA.
Acta Anat (Basel). 1997;158(4):274-8. doi: 10.1159/000147940.
Two hundred and forty histological paraffin sections were obtained from the midportion of the spinal nerve roots of 20 lumbosacral plexus (from L4 to S3) bilaterally. All microscopic images were digitized using the NIH image software with a Nikon microscope and Sony videocamera. The total, fascicular as well as epineurial cross-sectional areas of the nerve roots in the lumbosacral plexus were determined. The total cross-sectional area of the lumbosacral trunk (LST) was the largest (28.56 +/- 12.28 mm2) followed by the S1 (21.97 +/- 11.22 mm2) and L5 (21.00 +/- 8.79 mm2) nerve roots. The total cross-sectional areas of the L4 (6.93 +/- 3.32 mm2), S2 (13.93 +/- 5.86 mm2) and S3 (6.03 +/- 3.74 mm2) were significantly lower. Statistical differences were found among all absolute values at different levels (p < 0.0001) with the exception of the levels between L4 and S3, L5 and S1, and LST and S1 (p > 0.05). The total areas occupied by the fascicles in L5 (7.78 +/- 3.26 mm2), LST (9.97 +/- 4.01 mm2) and S1 (8.55 +/- 3.27 mm2) nerve roots were greater than those in L4 (2.96 +/- 1.50 mm2), S2 (5.56 +/- 2.34 mm2) and S3 (2.28 +/- 1.14 mm2). However, the percentages of the total cross-sectional areas occupied by the fascicles in the L5 nerve root (38%) and LST (36.4%) were smaller compared to other nerve roots (44.9% at L4, 40.5% at S1, 40.8% at S2 and 41.6% at S3). The cross-sectional areas and percentages of the epineurium were greater in L5 (13.22 +/- 6.48 mm2, 62.0%), LST (18.58 +/- 9.31 mm2, 63.6%) and S1 (13.42 +/- 8.88 mm2, 59.5%) roots. The L5 (12.1 +/- 5.0), LST (27.5 +/- 11.4) and S1 (15.0 +/- 7.3) roots contained more fascicles than L4 (6.3 +/- 3.3), S2 (9.5 +/- 4.1) and S3 (7.1 +/- 2.7). Statistical differences were found among all absolute values at different levels (p < 0.0001) with the exception of the levels between L4 and S3, L5 and S1 and LST and S1 (p > 0.05). No statistical differences were found for percentages among different levels (p > 0.05) with the exception of the levels between L4 and L5, L4 and LST, LST and S1, LST and S2, and LST and S3 (p < or = 0.05). The histological structure of nerve roots of the lumbosacral plexus is identical to that of the peripheral nerve. The midportions of L5 and S1 roots and the LST have a relatively higher epineurial content. These nerve roots also have a greater number of the fasicles, but the total cross-sectional area occupied by the fascicles is less than in L4, S2 and S3 nerve roots.
从20例双侧腰骶丛（从L4至S3）的脊神经根中部获取了240个组织学石蜡切片。所有显微图像均使用尼康显微镜和索尼摄像机通过美国国立卫生研究院（NIH）图像软件进行数字化处理。测定了腰骶丛神经根的总横截面积、束状横截面积以及神经外膜横截面积。腰骶干（LST）的总横截面积最大（28.56±12.28平方毫米），其次是S1（21.97±11.22平方毫米）和L5（21.00±8.79平方毫米）神经根。L4（6.93±3.32平方毫米）、S2（13.93±5.86平方毫米）和S3（6.03±3.74平方毫米）的总横截面积显著更低。除了L4与S3、L5与S1以及LST与S1之间的水平外，不同水平的所有绝对值之间均存在统计学差异（p<0.0001）（p>0.05）。L5（7.78±3.26平方毫米）、LST（9.97±4.01平方毫米）和S1（8.55±3.27平方毫米）神经根中束状结构所占的总面积大于L4（2.96±1.50平方毫米）、S2（5.56±2.34平方毫米）和S3（2.28±1.14平方毫米）。然而，与其他神经根相比，L5神经根（38%）和LST（36.4%）中束状结构所占总横截面积的百分比更小（L4为44.9%，S1为40.5%，S2为40.8%，S3为41.6%）。L5（13.22±6.48平方毫米，62.0%）、LST（18.58±9.31平方毫米，63.6%）和S1（13.42±8.88平方毫米，59.5%）神经根中神经外膜的横截面积和百分比更大。L5（12.1±5.0）、LST（27.5±11.4）和S1（15.0±7.3）神经根所含的束状结构比L4（6.3±3.3）、S2（9.5±4.1）和S3（7.1±2.7）更多。除了L4与S3、L5与S1以及LST与S1之间的水平外，不同水平的所有绝对值之间均存在统计学差异（p<0.0001）（p>0.05）。除了L4与L5、L4与LST、LST与S1、LST与S2以及LST与S3之间的水平外，不同水平之间的百分比未发现统计学差异（p>0.05）（p≤0.05）。腰骶丛神经根的组织结构与周围神经相同。L5和S1神经根的中部以及LST具有相对较高的神经外膜含量。这些神经根的束状结构数量也更多，但束状结构所占的总横截面积小于L4、S2和S3神经根。
