Klenerman P, Zinkernagel R M
Institute for Experimental Immunology, University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland.
Immunol Rev. 1997 Oct;159:5-16. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-065x.1997.tb01003.x.
The role of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection remains elusive. Since the discovery 10 years ago of high levels of specific CTL in this disease, some have argued that they play an important role in virus control, others that they drive disease progression through destruction of T helper cells, and others still that they play no obvious role at all. By contrast, the central role of CTL in murine lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) infection has been very clearly worked out through the use of in vivo depletion and adoptive transfer experiments, as well as knockout and transgenic mice. To interpret the possible roles for CTL in HIV, we have therefore made a comparison between what is known about CTL and their interaction with virus-infected cells in these two infections. This illustrates a potential critical role for these cells in both control of HIV replication and immune-mediated pathology, but one that is highly dependent on virus dose, distribution and dynamics.
细胞毒性T淋巴细胞（CTL）在人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染中的作用仍不明确。自10年前发现该疾病中存在高水平的特异性CTL以来，一些人认为它们在病毒控制中起重要作用，另一些人则认为它们通过破坏辅助性T细胞推动疾病进展，还有一些人认为它们根本没有明显作用。相比之下，通过体内清除和过继转移实验以及基因敲除和转基因小鼠，CTL在鼠淋巴细胞性脉络丛脑膜炎病毒（LCMV）感染中的核心作用已得到非常明确的阐明。因此，为了解释CTL在HIV中的可能作用，我们对这两种感染中已知的CTL及其与病毒感染细胞的相互作用进行了比较。这表明这些细胞在控制HIV复制和免疫介导的病理过程中可能发挥关键作用，但这一作用高度依赖于病毒剂量、分布和动态变化。
