Henriksen H, Riis J, Christophersen B, Moe C
Sankt Lukas Stiftelsens Hospice, Hellerup.
Ugeskr Laeger. 1997 Nov 17;159(47):6992-6.
A number of symptoms cause physical or mental distress and suffering in the terminal and dying patient. In this prospective study of 117 patients (96% with a cancer diagnosis) in a Danish hospice all symptoms causing distress were assessed daily in three degrees of severity. The ten most frequently recorded symptoms were: fatigue, pain, weakness, dyspnoea, immobility/paresis, anorexia, general malaise, nausea/vomiting, oedema and amnesia. Fatigue was registered on 60.9% of the admission days, pain on 27.3%, dyspnoea on 19.2% and nausea/vomiting on 8.5%. The prevalence of pain, dyspnoea, nausea/vomiting, thirst and anxiety did not increase during the last seven days of life. Unconsciousness occurred in 23% of the patients during the last 24 hours and in 5% on the day before.
许多症状会给晚期和临终患者带来身体或精神上的痛苦。在这项对丹麦一家临终关怀机构中117名患者（96%被诊断患有癌症）的前瞻性研究中，每天对所有导致痛苦的症状进行三个严重程度等级的评估。记录最频繁的十种症状是：疲劳、疼痛、虚弱、呼吸困难、行动不便/轻瘫、厌食、全身不适、恶心/呕吐、水肿和失忆。入院当天有60.9%的患者出现疲劳，27.3%出现疼痛，19.2%出现呼吸困难，8.5%出现恶心/呕吐。在生命的最后七天里，疼痛、呼吸困难、恶心/呕吐、口渴和焦虑的发生率并未增加。23%的患者在生命的最后24小时内失去意识，前一天这一比例为5%。
