Davis J D, Smith G P, Sayler J L
E.W. Bourne Behavioral Research Laboratory, New York Hospital-Cornell Medical Center, White Plains, NY 10605, USA.
Physiol Behav. 1998 Jan;63(2):191-6. doi: 10.1016/s0031-9384(97)00420-4.
We previously reported (Davis, J. D.; Smith G. P.; Sayler, J. L. Reduction of intake in the rat due to gastric filling. Am. J. Physiol. 272:R1599-R1605, 1997.) that confining ingested fluid to the stomach by closing the pylorus decreased the intake of solutions that stimulated particularly large intakes. Those solutions differed in the type of orosensory and postoral stimulation so the nature of the control over ingestion was unclear. We report here a study of the role of orosensory stimulation alone in controlling intake in rats with a closed pylorus. Rats were given 30-min intake tests with the pylorus open and closed with 0.2 M glucose, and with 0.2 M glucose + 1.25 mM sodium saccharin, 2.5 mM sodium saccharin and 5.0 mM sodium saccharin. Intake was reduced on the cuff-closed test relative to the cuff-open test with the two highest concentrations of saccharin, but not with the two lowest. When ingesting the glucose solutions with the two highest concentrations of saccharin the initial rate of ingestion was greater and the decline in the rate of ingestion was slower than when the rats ingested the glucose solutions with 1.25 mM saccharin or no saccharin. We showed by means of a meta-analysis of previously published and unpublished data that a high rate of licking at the beginning of a test combined with a relatively slow rate of decline in the rate of licking during it are the characteristics of ingestive behavior on cuff-open tests that will lead to a reduction of intake when ingested fluid is confined to the stomach.
我们之前报道过（戴维斯，J.D.；史密斯，G.P.；塞勒，J.L. 胃充盈导致大鼠摄入量减少。《美国生理学杂志》272:R1599 - R1605，1997年。）通过关闭幽门将摄入的液体限制在胃内会减少那些特别能刺激大量摄入的溶液的摄入量。那些溶液在口感觉和口腔后刺激类型上有所不同，所以对摄入的控制性质尚不清楚。我们在此报告一项关于仅口感觉刺激在控制幽门关闭的大鼠摄入量方面作用的研究。给大鼠进行30分钟的摄入量测试，分别在幽门开放和关闭的情况下给予0.2M葡萄糖、0.2M葡萄糖 + 1.25mM糖精钠、2.5mM糖精钠和5.0mM糖精钠。相对于幽门开放测试，在两种最高浓度糖精的情况下，袖带关闭测试时摄入量减少，但在两种最低浓度时并非如此。当摄入含两种最高浓度糖精的葡萄糖溶液时，初始摄入速率更高，摄入速率下降比大鼠摄入含1.25mM糖精或不含糖精的葡萄糖溶液时更慢。我们通过对先前已发表和未发表数据的荟萃分析表明，测试开始时舔舐速率高，同时测试期间舔舐速率下降相对较慢，是幽门开放测试时摄食行为的特征，当摄入的液体被限制在胃内时，这种行为会导致摄入量减少。
