Alvarez-Gómez J A
Servicio de Anestesia-Reanimación, Hospital Santa María del Rosell, Cartagena, Murcia.
Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim. 1997 Oct;44(8):310-4.
Rocuronium is a new nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent (NDNMBA) that has recently been introduced for clinical use. Its main advantage over other such agents is its rapid onset of action, which may lead to its use as the relaxant of choice when rapid intubation is required. An additional advantage is that, unlike other amino-steroidal NDNMBAs, rocuronium does not produce active metabolites. The potency of rocuronium is five times lower than that of vecuronium and its half life at its place of effect is shorter. Selectivity for the laryngeal muscle system is greater, possibly explaining the rapid onset observed. Hemodynamic stability, along with the absence of histamine release even at doses as high as 4 to 5 ED95, allow it to be used in high risk patients. Successful use has been reported in emergency surgery in patients with full stomachs, in cesarean deliveries, in cardiovascular surgery, and in liver, kidney and other transplants. Rocuronium administered in repeated doses or in continuous infusion provides adequate muscle relaxation over the required period, with predictable reversibility of effects.
罗库溴铵是一种新型非去极化神经肌肉阻滞剂（NDNMBA），最近已引入临床使用。与其他此类药物相比，其主要优点是起效迅速，这可能使其在需要快速插管时成为首选的松弛剂。另一个优点是，与其他氨基甾体类NDNMBA不同，罗库溴铵不会产生活性代谢物。罗库溴铵的效力比维库溴铵低五倍，其在作用部位的半衰期较短。对喉肌系统的选择性更高，这可能解释了观察到的快速起效。血流动力学稳定性以及即使在高达4至5倍ED95的剂量下也不会释放组胺，使其可用于高危患者。据报道，在饱胃患者的急诊手术、剖宫产、心血管手术以及肝脏、肾脏和其他移植手术中使用均取得成功。重复给药或持续输注罗库溴铵可在所需时间段内提供足够的肌肉松弛，且效果具有可预测的可逆性。
