Canyon D V, Hii J L
Vector Research Laboratory, Department of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia.
Med Vet Entomol. 1997 Oct;11(4):319-23. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2915.1997.tb00416.x.
Laboratory experiments with Aedes aegypti mosquitoes investigated the effects of light, mosquito density and physiological state on predation rates by the Australian gecko Gehydra dubia and the exotic Asian house gecko Hemidactylus frenatus. For both gecko species a positive correlation was demonstrated between prey density and the predation rate. Using Ae.aegypti males and unfed females as prey in a terrarium (0.054 m3), consumption rates reached 76-108/day for G.dubia and 63-109/day for H.frenatus, with significantly more female mosquitoes than males being eaten in most experiments. Comparing dark with semi-illuminated conditions no consistent contrast of predation rate was demonstrated. Gehyra dubia predation rates on various Australian mosquito species were compared in an experimental room (32 m3) for 24 h exposure with photoperiod L:D 12:12 h Five photophilic species (Aedes vigilax, Anopheles annulipes, Coquillettidia xanthogaster, Culex annulirostris, Cx sitiens) suffered 78-100% predation, compared with only 33-53% predation of four non-photophilic species: Aedes aegypti, Ae.notoscriptus, Ae.vittiger and Cx quinquefasciatus. This demonstrates the potential benefit of domestication for geckoes that learn to hunt at light. When offered a mixture of unfed, freshly blood-fed and gravid females of Ae.aegypti in an illuminated terrarium, both gecko species consumed significantly more unfed than fed or gravid female mosquitoes, presumably because the latter rested whereas the former foraged more actively. H.frenatus consumed significantly more mosquitoes of all categories than did G.dubia per 24 h: unfeds 5.1 +/- 0.1% v. 4.5 +/- 0.5%, blood-feds 4.5 +/- 0.3% v. 4.0 +/- 0.5% and gravids 4.8 +/- 0.4% v. 3.9 +/- 0.5%. Possible relevance of these results to competitive displacement of G.dubia by H.frenatus is discussed.
对埃及伊蚊进行的实验室实验研究了光照、蚊子密度和生理状态对澳大利亚杜氏半叶趾虎（Gehydra dubia）和外来的亚洲家壁虎（Hemidactylus frenatus）捕食率的影响。对于这两种壁虎而言，猎物密度与捕食率之间均呈现出正相关关系。在一个饲养箱（0.054立方米）中，以埃及伊蚊雄蚊和未进食的雌蚊作为猎物，杜氏半叶趾虎的捕食率达到每天76 - 108只，亚洲家壁虎的捕食率为每天63 - 109只，在大多数实验中，被吃掉的雌蚊数量显著多于雄蚊。比较黑暗与半光照条件，未发现捕食率有一致的差异。在一个实验房间（32立方米）内，将杜氏半叶趾虎对各种澳大利亚蚊子的捕食率进行了比较，光照周期为12小时光照：12小时黑暗，暴露24小时。五种嗜光性蚊子（vigilax伊蚊、环纹按蚊、黄斑库蚊、环喙库蚊、海滨库蚊）的被捕食率为78% - 100%，相比之下，四种非嗜光性蚊子（埃及伊蚊、带纹伊蚊、条斑伊蚊、致倦库蚊）的被捕食率仅为33% - 53%。这表明对于学会在光照下捕食的壁虎而言，驯化具有潜在益处。在一个光照的饲养箱中，当提供未进食、刚吸食过血液和怀有身孕的埃及伊蚊雌蚊混合物时，两种壁虎捕食的未进食雌蚊数量均显著多于已进食或怀有身孕的雌蚊，推测原因是后者休息而前者觅食更为活跃。亚洲家壁虎每24小时捕食的各类蚊子数量均显著多于杜氏半叶趾虎：未进食的为5.1±0.1%对4.5±0.5%，已进食的为4.5±0.3%对4.0±0.5%，怀有身孕的为4.8±0.4%对3.9±0.5%。文中还讨论了这些结果与亚洲家壁虎对杜氏半叶趾虎的竞争取代可能存在的相关性。
