Caspi E, Schreyer P, Weinraub Z, Reif R, Levi I, Mundel G
Br J Obstet Gynaecol. 1976 Mar;83(3):187-93. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-0528.1976.tb00807.x.
A trial of antepartum dexamethasone therapy was carried out in 55 mothers in whom premature delivery threatned between 28 to 36 weeks gestation in the hope of reducing the incidence of respiratory distress syndromes (RDS). The control group was made up of 62 mothers who delivered prematurely in the same gestational age without any treatment. In the treated group isoxsuprine was used to delay delivery when necessary. The respiratory dif infants (8.3 per cent) than in the controls (35.2 per cent; p less than 0.001). The difference was more marked in babies of under 32 weeks gestation. Considering only cases with intact membranes the incidence of RDS was significantly (p less than 0.01) lower in the treated group. Early neonatal mortality was 6.6 per cent in the treated group and 38 per cent (p less than 0.0001) in the controls. In 12 cases the L/S ratio was measured during dexamethasone administration and in the majority of these the L/S ratio rose sharply to mature values following treatment. This rise was observed as soon as 48 hours after beginning of dexamethasone. Antepartum isoxsuprine in the treated group had no apparent effect on the incidence of RDS. No adverse effects of steroid therapy were observed. This trial confirms the studies of others that antepartum glucocorticoid can significantly reduce the incidence of RDS in premature infants.
对55名妊娠28至36周有早产风险的母亲进行了产前地塞米松治疗试验，以期降低呼吸窘迫综合征（RDS）的发生率。对照组由62名相同孕周早产且未接受任何治疗的母亲组成。治疗组在必要时使用异克舒令延迟分娩。治疗组呼吸窘迫的婴儿比例（8.3%）低于对照组（35.2%；p<0.001）。这种差异在孕周小于32周的婴儿中更为明显。仅考虑胎膜完整的病例，治疗组RDS的发生率显著较低（p<0.01）。治疗组早期新生儿死亡率为6.6%，对照组为38%（p<0.0001）。在12例病例中，在给予地塞米松期间测量了L/S比值，其中大多数病例在治疗后L/S比值迅速升至成熟值。在开始使用地塞米松后48小时就观察到了这种升高。治疗组产前使用异克舒令对RDS的发生率没有明显影响。未观察到类固醇治疗的不良反应。该试验证实了其他研究结果，即产前糖皮质激素可显著降低早产儿RDS的发生率。
