Van Duong D, Binns C W, Van Le T
Hanoi School of Pharmacy, Vietnam.
Trop Med Int Health. 1997 Dec;2(12):1133-9. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-3156.1997.d01-213.x.
A survey on the use of antibiotics purchased through retail pharmacies was conducted in the Badinh district of Hanoi, Vietnam. The survey found that purchasers visit a pharmacy when they or those who felt they needed antibiotics had minor symptoms such as cough (34.1%), sore throat (32.5%), stomach upsets (10.0%) and diarrhoea (8.8%). The most often purchased antibiotics were ampicillin (31.1%), amoxyllin (16.7%), cotrimoxazol (11.6%), tetracycline (5.2%) and cephalexin (4.8%). The median of the purchased quantity was 10 tablets, the mean 11.34 tablets (95%CI 9.65-12.97). About 30% of the purchasers intended to take antibiotics for three days or less. The mean cost of a antibiotic purchase was US$1.27 (95%CI 1.06-1.39). The main reason for not taking a full course of antibiotics was not economic constraint, but the purchasers' poor knowledge about antibiotics. Logistic regression analysis indicates that age of purchasers, length of symptoms and kinds of treatment used before visiting a pharmacy could be used as predictive variables for the decision to buy antibiotics in preference to alternative drugs. Antibiotics are used when illness lasts longer than one week and antibiotics have not yet been taken. Antibiotics are also purchased by young rather than old people. The study documents the need for better health education about the rational use of antibiotics in the general public.
在越南河内巴亭郡开展了一项关于通过零售药店购买抗生素情况的调查。调查发现，购买者在自己或其认为需要使用抗生素的人出现咳嗽（34.1%）、喉咙痛（32.5%）、胃部不适（10.0%）和腹泻（8.8%）等轻微症状时会前往药店。最常购买的抗生素是氨苄青霉素（31.1%）、阿莫西林（16.7%）、复方新诺明（11.6%）、四环素（5.2%）和头孢氨苄（4.8%）。购买量的中位数为10片，平均数为11.34片（95%置信区间9.65 - 12.97）。约30%的购买者打算服用抗生素的时间为三天或更短。购买一次抗生素的平均费用为1.27美元（95%置信区间1.06 - 1.39）。不全程服用抗生素的主要原因不是经济限制，而是购买者对抗生素的了解不足。逻辑回归分析表明，购买者的年龄、症状持续时间以及去药店之前所采用的治疗方式可作为预测变量，用以判断购买抗生素而非其他替代药物的决定。当疾病持续超过一周且尚未服用抗生素时会使用抗生素。年轻人比老年人更常购买抗生素。该研究证明有必要在普通公众中开展关于合理使用抗生素的更好的健康教育。
