Fields L, Prinz R J
Department of Psychology, University of South Carolina, Columbia 29208, USA.
Clin Psychol Rev. 1997 Dec;17(8):937-76. doi: 10.1016/s0272-7358(97)00033-0.
This paper reviews research published within the last 10 years on child and adolescent strategies for coping with commonly occurring stressors in nonclinical populations and the relationship of these strategies to adjustment. Current conceptual and classification schemes for children's coping strategies are analyzed and compared. Studies of child coping are reviewed in three clusters: (a) descriptive and taxonomic studies, (b) age-group comparisons, and (c) evaluations of coping-adjustment relationships. Developmental commonalities and changes are identified across studies and conceptual models. Conceptual models compatible with problem-focused/ emotion-focused and approach/avoidance frameworks have proven to be useful for descriptive purposes. However, it is of concern that categories in the current classification systems do not distinguish coping strategies that promote adjustment from ones that limit adjustment. Future directions for addressing this issue and developmental considerations are suggested, including an alternative model pertaining to coping competence.
本文回顾了过去10年发表的关于儿童和青少年应对非临床人群中常见应激源的策略以及这些策略与适应之间关系的研究。分析并比较了当前儿童应对策略的概念和分类方案。儿童应对研究分为三类进行综述：(a)描述性和分类学研究，(b)年龄组比较，以及(c)应对-适应关系评估。通过各项研究和概念模型确定了发展共性和变化。已证明与问题聚焦/情绪聚焦以及趋近/回避框架兼容的概念模型在描述性目的方面很有用。然而，令人担忧的是，当前分类系统中的类别并未区分促进适应的应对策略和限制适应的应对策略。文中提出了解决这一问题的未来方向和发展考量，包括一个与应对能力相关的替代模型。
