Neal K R, Slack R C
Department of Public Health Medicine, University of Nottingham.
Epidemiol Infect. 1997 Dec;119(3):307-11. doi: 10.1017/s0950268897008224.
The epidemiology of notified cases of campylobacter gastroenteritis in adults in Nottingham Health District was investigated using a case-control study with a postal questionnaire to ascertain data on risk factors. Over a 14-month period 531 cases (a 73% response rate of all laboratory confirmed cases) and 512 controls replied. Conditional logistic regression analysis was used to determine independent associations with infection. These included foreign travel (odds ratio (OR) 3.4; 95% confidence intervals (CI) 2.0-5.7), diabetes mellitus (OR 4.1, CI 1.1-17), medication with omeprazole (OR 3.5, CI 1.1-12) and H2 and H2 antagonists (OR 3.7, CI 1.3-15), contact with puppies (OR 11.3, CI 1.2-105), eating chicken (OR 1.4, CI 1.1-1.8) and drinking milk from bottles with tops damaged by a bird (OR 3.3, CI 1.0-11). Preparing main meals (OR 0.9, CI 0.8-1.0) and drinking delivered milk (OR 0.6, CI 0.4-0.9) were associated with a reduced risk of campylobacter infection. Foreign travel was reported in 25% of cases and another 15% had significant associations with other risk factors. The majority of cases, 60%, remained unexplained, indicating the need for further evolution of sporadic cases.
采用邮寄问卷调查的病例对照研究方法，对诺丁汉健康区成人弯曲杆菌性肠胃炎报告病例的流行病学进行了调查，以确定危险因素的数据。在14个月的时间里，有531例病例（占所有实验室确诊病例的73%）和512例对照回复了问卷。采用条件逻辑回归分析来确定与感染的独立关联。这些因素包括出国旅行（比值比（OR）3.4；95%置信区间（CI）2.0 - 5.7）、糖尿病（OR 4.1，CI 1.1 - 17）、服用奥美拉唑（OR 3.5，CI 1.1 - 12）以及H2和H2拮抗剂（OR 3.7，CI 1.3 - 15）、接触幼犬（OR 11.3，CI 1.2 - 105）、食用鸡肉（OR 1.4，CI 1.1 - 1.8）以及饮用瓶盖被鸟损坏的瓶装牛奶（OR 3.3，CI 1.0 - 11）。准备主餐（OR 0.9，CI 0.8 - 1.0）和饮用配送牛奶（OR 0.6，CI 0.4 - 0.9）与弯曲杆菌感染风险降低相关。25%的病例报告有出国旅行，另外15%与其他危险因素有显著关联。大多数病例（60%）的感染原因仍不明，这表明需要对散发病例进行进一步研究。
