Reshetnikova O S, Burton G J, Milovanov A P, Teleshova O V
University of Cambridge, UK.
Arkh Patol. 1997 Sep-Oct;59(5):50-3.
The stereological investigation was performed on intermediate and terminal villi of placenta obtained from each of the following conditions: high altitude (up to 2800 m), maternal anemia and EPH-gestosis. These conditions were taken to represent hypoxic, anemic and ischemic hypoxia, respectively. In each situation there was a trend for both the volume of trophoblast and stroma to be lower than in controls with accompanying increase in the volume fraction of fetal capillaries, although the differences were statistically significant only for cases of hypoxic and anemic hypoxia. The capillary diameter was higher in EPH-gestosis group. There was no evidence of "hypercapillarization" of the villi because the relative capillary length was constant in all the groups. The harmonic mean thickness in anemia and altitude groups was reduced. As a result a specific and morphometric (per 1 kg of fetal weight) diffusing capacity was maintained at the control level, but at the altitude group it was even higher. These results suggest that placenta barrier remodelling is the principal mechanism of adaptation to different forms of hypoxia.
高海拔（高达2800米）、母体贫血和妊娠高血压综合征。这些情况分别被视为低氧、贫血和缺血性缺氧。在每种情况下，滋养层和间质的体积均有低于对照组的趋势，同时胎儿毛细血管的体积分数增加，尽管差异仅在低氧和贫血性缺氧病例中具有统计学意义。妊娠高血压综合征组的毛细血管直径较高。没有证据表明绒毛存在“毛细血管增多”，因为所有组的相对毛细血管长度是恒定的。贫血组和高海拔组的调和平均厚度降低。结果，每千克胎儿体重的特定形态学扩散能力维持在对照水平，但在高海拔组甚至更高。这些结果表明，胎盘屏障重塑是适应不同形式缺氧的主要机制。
