Stolze H, Kuhtz-Buschbeck J P, Mondwurf C, Boczek-Funcke A, Jöhnk K, Deuschl G, Illert M
Department of Physiology, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Germany.
Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol. 1997 Dec;105(6):490-7. doi: 10.1016/s0924-980x(97)00055-6.
Gait analysis on the treadmill and in the overground condition is used both in scientific approaches for investigating the neuronal organisation and ontogenetic development of locomotion and in a variety of clinical applications. We investigated the differences between overground and treadmill locomotion (at identical gait velocity) in 12 adults and 14 children (6-7 years old). During treadmill locomotion the step frequency increased by 7% in adults and 10% in children compared to overground walking, whereas the stride length and the stance phase of the walking cycle decreased. The swing phase, however, increased significantly by 5% in adults and remained unchanged in children. Balance-related gait parameters such as the step width and foot rotation angles increased during treadmill locomotion. The reduction of the step length was found to be stable after 10 min of treadmill walking in most subjects. With regard to the shifted phases of the walking cycle and the changed balance related gait parameters in the treadmill condition, we assume a different modulation of the central pattern generator in treadmill walking, due to a changed afferent input. Regarding the pronounced differences between overground and treadmill walking in children, it is discussed whether the systems generating and integrating different modulations of locomotion into a stable movement pattern have reached full capacity in 6-7 year old children.
跑步机和地面行走状态下的步态分析，既用于研究运动的神经元组织和个体发育的科学方法中，也用于各种临床应用中。我们研究了12名成年人和14名6至7岁儿童在地面行走和跑步机行走（步态速度相同）之间的差异。与地面行走相比，在跑步机行走过程中，成年人的步频增加了7%，儿童增加了10%，而步幅和步行周期的站立期缩短。然而，成年人的摆动期显著增加了5%，儿童则保持不变。在跑步机行走过程中，与平衡相关的步态参数，如步宽和足部旋转角度增加。在大多数受试者中，跑步机行走10分钟后步长的缩短被发现是稳定的。考虑到跑步机状态下步行周期各阶段的变化以及与平衡相关的步态参数的改变，我们推测由于传入输入的改变，跑步机行走时中枢模式发生器的调制方式不同。鉴于儿童在地面行走和跑步机行走之间存在明显差异，讨论了在6至7岁儿童中，将运动的不同调制生成并整合为稳定运动模式的系统是否已达到全部能力。
