Ashraf S M, Yunus M
Faculty of Medicine, Hamdard Tibbi Medical College Hamdard University, New Delhi, India.
Biomed Environ Sci. 1997 Dec;10(4):442-50.
Waterborne disorders of bacterial origin, e.g. typhoid, bacillary dysentery and diarrhea are one of the major global health problems, especially in developing countries like India. The prevalence of these diseases is largely dependent on the quality of water consumed by people. The quality of water in India is still below the WHO recommendation of zero fecal coliform/100 ml of water. The present study was conducted in a suburb of Aligarh District of U.P. (India). A total of 1270 persons were selected by paying home visits and followed up for a period of one year. The study revealed that morbidity was higher in standpost group, i.e., 88.3% while in piped water group it was 51.8%. The average episode of typhoid for both source of water was one while dysentery had 3 average episodes. The average episodes of diarrhea was 4 in stand post and 3 in piped water group. In standpost group the majority of people, (87.6%) were using unsatisfactory water as compared to 74.4% for piped water supply. The frequency of typhoid was 1.4% bacillary dysentery 3.4% and diarrhea 7.7%. The occurrence of waterborne disorders of bacterial origin was common for typhoid in the 5-12 years age group bacillary dysentery for the 1-5 years, and diarrhea for the 0-5 years age group. The morbidity rate in standpost group was comparatively higher, i.e., 79.6%. The frequency for the standpost group and piped water group for different diseases were, typhoid 1.1% and 0.7%, bacillary dysentery 2.7% and 2.2%, and diarrhea 6.1% and 5.1%, respectively.
水源性细菌感染疾病，如伤寒、细菌性痢疾和腹泻，是全球主要的健康问题之一，在印度等发展中国家尤为突出。这些疾病的流行很大程度上取决于人们所饮用的水的质量。印度的水质仍低于世界卫生组织每100毫升水零粪大肠菌群的建议标准。本研究在印度北方邦阿里格尔区的一个郊区进行。通过逐户走访共选取了1270人，并对其进行了为期一年的随访。研究表明，取水站组的发病率较高，为88.3%，而自来水组为51.8%。两种水源的伤寒平均发病次数均为1次，痢疾平均发病次数为3次。取水站组腹泻平均发病次数为4次，自来水组为3次。在取水站组中，大多数人（87.6%）使用的水不合格，而自来水供应组这一比例为74.4%。伤寒发病率为1.4%，细菌性痢疾为3.4%，腹泻为7.7%。水源性细菌感染疾病中，伤寒在5至12岁年龄组较为常见，细菌性痢疾在1至5岁年龄组，腹泻在0至5岁年龄组。取水站组的发病率相对较高，为79.6%。取水站组和自来水组不同疾病的发病率分别为：伤寒1.1%和0.7%，细菌性痢疾2.7%和2.2%，腹泻6.1%和5.1%。
