Bahr R, Tjørnhom M
Norwegian University of Sport and Physical Education, Oslo, Norway.
Clin J Sport Med. 1998 Jan;8(1):32-7. doi: 10.1097/00042752-199801000-00008.
To examine the results from doping controls conducted by the Norwegian Confederation of Sport (NCS) from 1977 to 1995.
Data were collected by combining three computerized databases and manual records on samples taken and results from analyses in the International Olympic Committee (IOC)-accredited laboratories in London, Huddinge, Cologne, and Oslo. Samples were declared positive if they contained any banned substance on the IOC list that was in effect at any given time.
A total of 15,208 samples were taken; most of them (12,870; 85%) were from Norwegian athletes (90% unannounced tests) belonging to national federations under NCS jurisdiction (NCS members), 461 (3%) were from external Norwegian athletes (either users of private gyms or athletes in organized sports federations not affiliated with the NCS), and 1,874 (12%) were from foreign athletes (three cases with unknown affiliation). There were 130 positive samples and 24 refusals among NCS members (1.2%; men, 1.4%; women, 0.3%), 86 positive samples and 8 refusals among external Norwegian athletes (20%; men, 24%; women, 8%), and 39 positive samples and 1 refusal among foreign athletes (1.6%; men, 2.1%; women, 0.7%). A gradual decrease in the percentage of positive samples was observed among NCS members as testing frequency was increased gradually from 1987 to 1995 in the three high-prevalence sports: powerlifting, weightlifting, and athletics.
An increase in the test frequency of doping tests was associated with a decrease in the percentage of positive samples in targeted sports.
研究挪威体育联合会（NCS）在1977年至1995年期间进行的兴奋剂检测结果。
通过合并三个计算机化数据库以及关于在伦敦、胡丁厄、科隆和奥斯陆的国际奥委会认可实验室所采集样本及分析结果的手工记录来收集数据。如果样本含有在任何给定时间有效的国际奥委会禁用物质清单上的任何违禁物质，则判定为阳性。
共采集了15208个样本；其中大多数（12870个；85%）来自属于NCS管辖的各全国性体育联合会（NCS成员）的挪威运动员（90%为不预先通知的检测），461个（3%）来自挪威境外运动员（私人健身房使用者或不属于NCS的有组织体育联合会中的运动员），1874个（12%）来自外国运动员（3例所属关系不明）。NCS成员中有130个阳性样本和24例拒绝检测（1.2%；男性，1.4%；女性，0.3%），挪威境外运动员中有86个阳性样本和8例拒绝检测（20%；男性，24%；女性，8%），外国运动员中有39个阳性样本和1例拒绝检测（1.6%；男性，2.1%；女性，0.7%）。在1987年至1995年期间，随着检测频率在三个高流行率运动项目（力量举、举重和田径）中逐渐增加，观察到NCS成员中阳性样本的百分比逐渐下降。
兴奋剂检测频率的增加与目标运动项目中阳性样本百分比的下降相关。
