Petibois C, Déléris G, Cazorla G
INSERM Unit 443, Bio-Organic Chemistry Group, University Victor Segalen/Bordeaux 2, France.
Sports Med. 2000 Jun;29(6):387-96. doi: 10.2165/00007256-200029060-00002.
Doping prevention is mainly directed to providing information on the dangers of doping to young athletes and to every profession concerned with athletic performance. Unfortunately, repression is also necessary in the fight against doping. Measurement of performance-enhancing drugs is complex, partly because of the large number of prohibited substances. A number of sophisticated analytical techniques are increasingly being used to provide the maximum detection time window. However, the effectiveness of methods to separate exogenous from endogenous biological molecules and the cost of antidoping analyses makes controls invalid or impossible. Moreover, most athletes, because of the metabolic and psychological stresses caused, legitimately refuse blood testing. It is becoming crucial to introduce new methods in the form of longitudinal health monitoring, since this is probably the most effective tool to prevent the use of doping agents when athletes become overtrained and/or overstressed. This paper describes new methods using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy to analyse serum from 50 microl samples of capillary blood. This technique has been shown to allow determination of the concentration of a wide range of biological molecules in a single microsample with clinically useful accuracy, and to provide a 'discriminatory biomolecular profile' to differentiate individuals on the basis of their physiological status. A specific application of this methodology is to perform longitudinal health monitoring in athletes, allowing prevention of overtraining. It is proposed to apply such methods in longitudinal studies for health monitoring and prevention of doping.
反兴奋剂工作主要致力于向年轻运动员以及与运动成绩相关的各个行业提供有关使用兴奋剂危害的信息。不幸的是，在打击兴奋剂的斗争中，惩治措施也是必要的。检测提高成绩的药物很复杂，部分原因是禁用物质数量众多。越来越多复杂的分析技术被用于提供最长的检测时间窗口。然而，区分外源性和内源性生物分子的方法的有效性以及反兴奋剂分析的成本使得检测无效或无法进行。此外，由于所造成的代谢和心理压力，大多数运动员合理地拒绝接受血液检测。采用纵向健康监测形式引入新方法变得至关重要，因为这可能是防止运动员过度训练和/或压力过大时使用兴奋剂的最有效工具。本文描述了使用傅里叶变换红外光谱法分析50微升毛细血管血样血清的新方法。已证明该技术能够以临床有用的准确度在单个微量样本中测定多种生物分子的浓度，并提供“鉴别性生物分子图谱”以根据个体的生理状态区分不同个体。该方法的一个具体应用是对运动员进行纵向健康监测，以预防过度训练。建议将此类方法应用于健康监测和预防兴奋剂使用的纵向研究中。
