Skoog I
Department of Psychiatry, Sahlgrenska Hospital, Göteborg University, Sweden.
Biomed Pharmacother. 1997;51(9):367-75. doi: 10.1016/s0753-3322(97)89428-0.
Hypertension has been related to the development of dementia, including Alzheimer's disease, and cognitive dysfunction in middle-aged and elderly populations. One possible explanation is that hypertension is a risk factor for cerebral infarcts and ischaemic subcortical white-matter lesions. Hypertension may also give rise to a blood-brain barrier dysfunction, which has been suggested to be involved in the aetiology and pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. Other possible explanations for the association are shared risk factors, such as psychological stress, and the formation of free oxygen radicals. Low blood pressure has also been hypothesized to give rise to brain damage and dementia. However, the brain is involved in blood pressure regulation and dementia disorders may therefore influence the blood pressure. The findings of an association between hypertension and dementia may have implications for prevention and treatment.
高血压与包括阿尔茨海默病在内的痴呆症的发展以及中老年人群的认知功能障碍有关。一种可能的解释是，高血压是脑梗死和缺血性皮质下白质病变的危险因素。高血压还可能导致血脑屏障功能障碍，这被认为与阿尔茨海默病的病因和发病机制有关。这种关联的其他可能解释是共同的危险因素，如心理压力和游离氧自由基的形成。也有假说认为低血压会导致脑损伤和痴呆。然而，大脑参与血压调节，因此痴呆症可能会影响血压。高血压与痴呆症之间关联的研究结果可能对预防和治疗有启示。
