Coerver K A, Gray S M, Barnes J E, Armstrong D L, McCabe E R
Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
Histochem Cell Biol. 1998 Jan;109(1):75-86. doi: 10.1007/s004180050204.
Mammalian hexokinase types one and three (HK1 and HK3) are 100 kDa isozymes that phosphorylate glucose to glucose-6-phosphate. HK1 is present in most tissues but is especially prominent in brain and kidney. HK3 is less well studied, but may be most prominent in the spleen and lymphocytes. In this study, we determined the ontogeny of the expression of these isoforms in the rat. Using immunohistochemistry, we identified HK1 and HK3 immunoreactivity in the brain, heart, kidney, liver, skeletal muscle and spleen from gestational day 14 (E14) to 45 days after birth (P45). With the exception of the liver and spleen, we observed a similar age- and cell-dependent staining pattern for both isoforms in all organs studied. The brain and spleen were analyzed in more detail to identify specific regions of immunoreactivity during maturation. A transient expression of HK1 and HK3 was noted in the cell bodies of mature neurons, including layers V and VI of the cerebral cortex and the cerebellar Purkinje cells followed by localization to the white matter of the cerebrum and cerebellum. In the spleen, HK3 immunoreactivity was detected postnatally and appeared to track with the infiltration of B cells. Our demonstration of changing patterns of immunoreactivity for HK1 and HK3 in fetal and postnatal organs suggests that these HK isoforms are involved the process of development. We speculate that HK1 and HK3 share a complex interaction during development of these organs and regulate glucose metabolism at multiple levels during development.
哺乳动物的己糖激酶1型和3型（HK1和HK3）是分子量为100 kDa的同工酶，可将葡萄糖磷酸化为6-磷酸葡萄糖。HK1存在于大多数组织中，在脑和肾中尤为显著。对HK3的研究较少，但在脾脏和淋巴细胞中可能最为突出。在本研究中，我们确定了这些同工型在大鼠中的表达个体发生情况。通过免疫组织化学方法，我们在从妊娠第14天（E14）到出生后45天（P45）的大鼠脑、心脏、肾脏、肝脏、骨骼肌和脾脏中鉴定出HK1和HK3免疫反应性。除肝脏和脾脏外，在所有研究的器官中，我们观察到两种同工型都有相似的年龄和细胞依赖性染色模式。对脑和脾脏进行了更详细的分析，以确定成熟过程中免疫反应性的特定区域。在成熟神经元的细胞体中，包括大脑皮层的V层和VI层以及小脑浦肯野细胞，观察到HK1和HK3的短暂表达，随后定位于大脑和小脑的白质。在脾脏中，出生后检测到HK3免疫反应性，并且似乎与B细胞的浸润有关。我们对胎儿和出生后器官中HK1和HK3免疫反应性变化模式的证明表明，这些HK同工型参与了发育过程。我们推测，HK1和HK3在这些器官的发育过程中存在复杂的相互作用，并在发育过程的多个水平上调节葡萄糖代谢。
