Fraser A D
Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.
J Forensic Sci. 1998 Jan;43(1):194-6.
In Nova Scotia Canada, governmental authorities expressed concern in the late 1980s about the adverse effects of drug use by parents on the welfare of their children. Since 1991, parents with a history of drug abuse may be required to submit to urine drug and alcohol testing when ordered by the Family Courts of this province. The objective of this paper is to present this drug testing program and the results of drug testing on 125 clients from 1994-1996. Urine specimens were collected in the parents' residence by a nurse and transferred directly to the laboratory by the collector or a courier. Specimens were screened by immunoassay and TLC followed by GC-MS confirmation. Results were sent directly to the social worker. In the 3,613 urine specimens analyzed, 50.2% of specimens were negative, 45.6% were positive for one or more drug/metabolite and 4.2% of specimens were dilute (creatinine < 25 mg/dL). The distribution of positive results were: cannabinoids (11.5%), cocaine metabolite (5.0%), benzodiazepines (14.5%), codeine/morphine (7.1%), codeine (6.6%), diphenhydramine (2.2%) and ethyl alcohol (1.6%). Drug testing has been considered a success by these agencies since testing provides an objective indication of recent drug use and the overall prevalence of drug use in this drug abusing population has reduced from 100% to < 50%.
在加拿大新斯科舍省，政府当局在20世纪80年代末对父母吸毒对其子女福利的不利影响表示担忧。自1991年以来，有药物滥用史的父母在该省家庭法院下令时可能需要接受尿液药物和酒精检测。本文的目的是介绍这一药物检测项目以及1994年至1996年对125名客户进行药物检测的结果。尿液样本由护士在父母家中采集，采集者或快递员直接将样本送往实验室。样本先通过免疫分析和薄层色谱法进行筛查，然后通过气相色谱-质谱联用仪进行确认。结果直接发送给社会工作者。在分析的3613份尿液样本中，50.2%的样本呈阴性，45.6%的样本对一种或多种药物/代谢物呈阳性，4.2%的样本稀释（肌酐<25mg/dL）。阳性结果的分布情况为：大麻素（11.5%）、可卡因代谢物（5.0%）、苯二氮䓬类药物（14.5%）、可待因/吗啡（7.1%）、可待因（6.6%）、苯海拉明（2.2%）和乙醇（1.6%）。这些机构认为药物检测是成功的，因为检测提供了近期吸毒的客观指标，而且在这个吸毒人群中，吸毒的总体患病率已从100%降至<50%。
