Greenspan J S
Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco 94143-0422, USA.
Oral Dis. 1997 May;3 Suppl 1:S13-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1601-0825.1997.tb00344.x.
A large number of studies attest to the frequency of oral disease in those with HIV infection. Most show that hairy leukoplakia and pseudomembranous candidiasis are the commonest lesions in those with HIV infection and AIDS, with higher prevalence and incidence rates correlating with falling CD4 counts and disease progression. HIV-infected individuals with oral candidiasis or hairy leukoplakia progress to AIDS more rapidly than matched controls without these lesions. Oral candidiasis and hairy leukoplakia increase with time since seroconversion. On the other hand, parotid enlargement in children appears to be associated with slower progression to AIDS. As a consequence of these and other observations, oral lesions are widely included in natural history studies, staging and classification schemes for HIV infection. In addition to their role in the diagnosis of HIV infection and as indicators of the progression of HIV disease, oral lesions are used as clinical correlates of CD4 counts and as criteria for entry into clinical trials.
大量研究证实了HIV感染者口腔疾病的频发率。大多数研究表明，毛状白斑和假膜性念珠菌病是HIV感染者和艾滋病患者中最常见的病变，其较高的患病率和发病率与CD4细胞计数下降及疾病进展相关。患有口腔念珠菌病或毛状白斑的HIV感染者比没有这些病变的匹配对照组更快发展为艾滋病。自血清转化以来，口腔念珠菌病和毛状白斑会随着时间增加。另一方面，儿童腮腺肿大似乎与艾滋病进展较慢有关。基于这些及其他观察结果，口腔病变被广泛纳入HIV感染的自然史研究、分期和分类方案中。除了在HIV感染诊断及作为HIV疾病进展指标方面发挥作用外，口腔病变还被用作CD4细胞计数的临床相关指标以及进入临床试验的标准。
