Frimpong Paul, Amponsah Emmanuel Kofi, Abebrese Jacob, Kim Soung Min
Oral and Maxillofacial Microvascular Reconstruction LAB, Brong Ahafo Regional Hospital, Sunyani, Ghana.
Department of Ear, Nose and Throat, Brong Ahafo Regional Hospital, Sunyani, Ghana.
J Korean Assoc Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2017 Feb;43(1):29-36. doi: 10.5125/jkaoms.2017.43.1.29. Epub 2017 Feb 20.
Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a disease of the human immune system caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). People with AIDS are much more vulnerable to infections, including opportunistic infections and tumors, than people with a healthy immune system. The objective of this study was to correlate oral lesions associated with HIV/AIDS and immunosuppression levels by measuring clusters of differentiation 4 (CD4) cell counts among patients living in the middle western regions of Ghana.
A total of 120 patients who visited the HIV clinic at the Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital and the Regional Hospital Sunyani of Ghana were consecutively enrolled in this prospective and cross-sectional study. Referred patients' baseline CD4 counts were obtained from medical records and each patient received an initial physician assessment. Intraoral diagnoses were based on the classification and diagnostic criteria of the EEC Clearinghouse, 1993. After the initial assessment, extra- and intraoral tissues from each enrolled patient were examined. Data analyses were carried out using simple proportions, frequencies and chi-square tests of significance.
Our study included 120 patients, and was comprised of 42 (35.0%) males and 78 (65.0%) females, ranging in age from 21 to 67 years with sex-specific mean ages of 39.31 years (males) and 39.28 years (females). Patient CD4 count values ranged from 3 to 985 cells/mL with a mean baseline CD4 count of 291.29 cells/mL for males and 325.92 cells/mL for females. The mean baseline CD4 count for the entire sample was 313.80 cells/mL. Of the 120 patients we examined, 99 (82.5%) were observed to have at least one HIV-associated intraoral lesion while 21 (17.5%) had no intraoral lesions. Oral candidiasis, periodontitis, melanotic hyperpigmentation, gingivitis and xerostomia were the most common oral lesions.
From a total of nine oral lesions, six lesions that included oral candidiasis, periodontitis, melanotic hyperpigmentation, gingivitis, xerostomia and oral hairy leukoplakia were significantly correlated with declining CD4 counts.
获得性免疫缺陷综合征（艾滋病）是一种由人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）引起的人类免疫系统疾病。与免疫系统健康的人相比，艾滋病患者更容易受到感染，包括机会性感染和肿瘤。本研究的目的是通过测量加纳中西部地区患者的分化簇4（CD4）细胞计数，将与HIV/AIDS相关的口腔病变与免疫抑制水平相关联。
共有120名前往加纳Komfo Anokye教学医院和Sunyani地区医院的HIV诊所就诊的患者连续纳入本前瞻性横断面研究。从病历中获取转诊患者的基线CD4计数，每位患者接受初步的医生评估。口腔内诊断基于1993年欧洲经济共同体信息交换所的分类和诊断标准。在初步评估后，对每位入选患者的口腔外和口腔内组织进行检查。使用简单比例、频率和卡方显著性检验进行数据分析。
我们的研究包括120名患者，其中男性42名（35.0%），女性78名（65.0%），年龄在21至67岁之间，男性的性别特异性平均年龄为39.31岁，女性为39.28岁。患者的CD4计数范围为3至985个细胞/毫升，男性的平均基线CD4计数为291.29个细胞/毫升，女性为325.92个细胞/毫升。整个样本的平均基线CD4计数为313.80个细胞/毫升。在我们检查的120名患者中，99名（82.5%）被观察到至少有一种与HIV相关的口腔病变，而21名（17.5%）没有口腔病变。口腔念珠菌病、牙周炎、黑色素沉着过度、牙龈炎和口干是最常见的口腔病变。
在总共九种口腔病变中，包括口腔念珠菌病、牙周炎、黑色素沉着过度、牙龈炎、口干和口腔毛状白斑在内的六种病变与CD4计数下降显著相关。
