Schmidt-Westhausen A, Grünewald T, Reichart P A, Pohle H D
Department of Oral Surgery and Dental Radiology, Universitätsklinikum Charité, Humboldt University Berlin, Germany.
Oral Dis. 1997 May;3 Suppl 1:S28-30. doi: 10.1111/j.1601-0825.1997.tb00369.x.
To describe the prevalence of oral lesions in HIV-infected women, and to determine the association of oral lesions with the level of immunosuppression and the route of transmission.
In a retrospective, cross-sectional study, a cohort of 70 HIV-infected women (median age: 32.5 y; median CD4(+)-cell count 262 per microliter) comprising 18% of all HIV-infected individuals (n = 389) was selected in an outpatient clinic. Oral lesions strongly associated with HIV-infection were evaluated.
The overall prevalence of oral lesions was 27/70 (39%). Among HIV-infected women with CD4(+)-cell counts < 200 per microliter, the prevalence was 65% (19/29); and with counts > 200 per microliter, the prevalence was 27% (11/41). The prevalence of candidiasis and hairy leukoplakia was similar among those infected heterosexually or by intravenous drug use.
As reported in men, these findings demonstrate that oral lesions are common in HIV-infected women. Candidiasis is more likely to occur at low CD4(+)-cell counts, whereas no difference was seen regarding the level of immunosuppression and hairy leukoplakia. Interestingly, the route of transmission does not play a role regarding the presence of oral lesions among HIV-infected women.
描述感染人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）的女性口腔病变的患病率，并确定口腔病变与免疫抑制水平及传播途径之间的关联。
在一项回顾性横断面研究中，从一家门诊诊所选取了70名感染HIV的女性（中位年龄：32.5岁；CD4+细胞计数中位数为每微升262个），占所有感染HIV个体（n = 389）的18%。对与HIV感染密切相关的口腔病变进行了评估。
口腔病变的总体患病率为27/70（39%）。在CD4+细胞计数<每微升200个的感染HIV的女性中，患病率为65%（19/29）；在计数>每微升200个的女性中，患病率为27%（11/41）。念珠菌病和毛状白斑的患病率在异性传播或静脉吸毒感染的女性中相似。
正如在男性中所报道的那样，这些发现表明口腔病变在感染HIV的女性中很常见。念珠菌病在CD4+细胞计数较低时更易发生，而在免疫抑制水平和毛状白斑方面未观察到差异。有趣的是，传播途径在感染HIV的女性口腔病变的发生中不起作用。
