Bunnell B A, Morgan R A
Clinical Gene Therapy Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-1851, USA.
Clin Microbiol Rev. 1998 Jan;11(1):42-56. doi: 10.1128/CMR.11.1.42.
Gene therapy is being investigated as an alternative treatment for a wide range of infectious diseases that are not amenable to standard clinical management. Approaches to gene therapy for infectious diseases can be divided into three broad categories: (i) gene therapies based on nucleic acid moieties, including antisense DNA or RNA, RNA decoys, and catalytic RNA moieties (ribozymes); (ii) protein approaches such as transdominant negative proteins and single-chain antibodies; and (iii) immunotherapeutic approaches involving genetic vaccines or pathogen-specific lymphocytes. It is further possible that combinations of the aforementioned approaches will be used simultaneously to inhibit multiple stages of the life cycle of the infectious agent.
基因治疗正在作为多种无法采用标准临床管理方法治疗的传染病的替代治疗方法进行研究。传染病基因治疗方法可大致分为三大类：(i) 基于核酸部分的基因治疗，包括反义DNA或RNA、RNA诱饵和催化RNA部分（核酶）；(ii) 蛋白质方法，如显性负性蛋白和单链抗体；(iii) 涉及基因疫苗或病原体特异性淋巴细胞的免疫治疗方法。进一步有可能同时使用上述方法的组合来抑制传染因子生命周期的多个阶段。
