Leonhard K
Psychiatr Neurol Med Psychol (Leipz). 1976 Feb;28(2):89-98.
The motility psychosis, one of the cycloid psychoses, is frequently encountered in twins. As this is also true of two-egg twins, similarity of character does not seem to be essential. Therefore the influence must probably become active during early childhood, perhaps even the first year of life. Somatic lesions before and after birth must be taken into consideration, as the weaker twin is at higher risk. On the other hand, a mutual influence between the twins has been suggested by the observation that confusion psychoses, which are closely related to motility psychoses, hardly occurred in twins. Investigations in siblings with motility psychosis and confusion psychosis confirmed the mutual interrelationship. Concerning the former, considerably more siblings were found. Many siblings, as well as twins, seem susceptible to the development of a motility psychosis, however they seem less susceptible to the development of a confusion psychosis. The investigation of siblings could lead to verification of early infancy as a period of influence.
运动性精神病是环形心境障碍性精神病之一,在双胞胎中较为常见。由于双卵双胞胎也存在这种情况,性格相似似乎并非必要条件。因此,这种影响可能在幼儿期,甚至可能在生命的第一年就开始起作用。必须考虑出生前后的躯体病变,因为较弱的双胞胎风险更高。另一方面,有观察表明,与运动性精神病密切相关的错乱性精神病在双胞胎中很少发生,这提示双胞胎之间存在相互影响。对患有运动性精神病和错乱性精神病的兄弟姐妹的调查证实了这种相互关系。就前者而言,发现的兄弟姐妹要多得多。许多兄弟姐妹以及双胞胎似乎都易患运动性精神病,然而他们似乎不太容易患错乱性精神病。对兄弟姐妹的调查可能会证实婴儿早期是一个受影响的时期。